Week 2 Flashcards
Why is it important to look at women and drug use specificaly
Theres are different patterns of use, it is veiwed typically as a male issue
How are women effected differently by alcohol in comparison by men
They are more vulnerable to its effects
How does women as drug users being less socially acceptable an issue
They are more likely to hide, or be secretive about use so they are less likely to get help
What drugs are most commonly used by women
Prescription medicines
What is the telescoping effect
The time taken from the start of use to when it becomes an issue
What other disorders typically co -occur with substance use amoungst women
Mood disorders, anxiety, ptsd and body image/eating disorders
How does pregnancy effect substance use, list pros and cons
Women are more likely to seek help but there are risks or becoming infertile and injuring the child
How does marital status effect women and substance use
The are more likely to be influenced by their partners substance use and while treatment compliance rises for married men it decreases for married women
How does having at least one child effect women undergoing treatment for substance use
Because they are usually still primary care givers they find it hard to go through therapy and usually drop out.
How does being a women effect the type of treatment
Treatment is often designed by men for men and women are under represented in treatment
What is the optimal treatment for a women with sud (there are 6)
A place with childcare facilities Phsyical and emotional safety Space to explore issue related to abuse A way to treat comorbid issues Financial and economic support Something that tailors to women of different cultural backgrounds
Describe the prevalence of different types of abuse is women with substance use. And if abuse leads to drug use of drug use leads to abuse
There is often a high prevalence of women who have faced sexual abuse and domestic violence. Past abuse is related to drug use but using also increases that chance of abuse
What are the two catergories of sex work and substance use. What are the risks invloved
Sex workers who use drugs
And drug users who use sex work as a means to pay for there drugs. There is a large HIV risk
How does substance use effect the menstrual cycle. Which drugs cause which issues
Alcohol and heroin cause irregularities
Amphetamines can cause ovulation to stop
In young users secondary sexual characteristics can stop
Is there a safe amount to drink during pregnancy?
Current findings are that there is no safe level to consume, but there is no convincing evidence that a small intake is harmful. WHO suggests women should never be drug while pregnant and heavy drinking during early pregnancy is particularly dangerous
When is foetal alcohol syndrome most common
In indigenous populations
List signs of foetal alcohol syndrome in babies what are the most telling of this disorder
Low birth weight Microcephaly (small head) Flattened or small features Restricted movement due to tight muscles Thin upper lip Heart deffects
Low both weight or microcephaly are tell tale signs
How is the child development effected by feotal alcohol syndrome
Low IQ developmental delays behaviour and learning difficulties memory problems ADHD mental health problems
Increases risk of substance use or abuse
True or false women using drugs have lower self esteem
True
What is a risk factor for women using drugs
A past history of abuse
Describe the gender gap of drug use in the LGBTIQ community
Describe the rate of drug use in LGBTIQ compared to heterosexual communities
The gender gap is less pronounced but LGBTIQ people are 2-5 times more likely to use drugs than heteresexuals
What is the minority stress theory
Discrimination and victimisation of the LGBTIQ from other communities contribute to the disparity (difference in prevalence of drug use in LQBTIQ compared to heterosexuality)
Describe the prevalence of male drug use in LQBTIQ people
1 in 4 men had depression and drug use which is higher than the general male population
How has therapy shifted to treat LGBTIQ
Like women based treatment there are more treatments designed for LGBTIQ they are welcomed and have specialised treatment rather than just tolerates
Why is it difficult to treat the homeless for substance use
They are hard to reach but 40% of then have reported issues with drugs
Which homeless people are most at risk for drug use, which drugs are commonly used
Single men who are less educated and most likely to use weed or cocaine
Do people use drugs and become homeless or do people become homeless and then use drugs
66% of people use drugs after becoming homeless
What is the treatment first approach to using substance use
Temporary housing is offered then there is detoxification and housing readiness before being independent housing
What is the housing first approach to treatment
Gives the person a house first and treatment is encouraged but not mandatory
How does tobacco effect the elderly describe the gender gap
High use in this group of people and it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Higher use in males than females
Describe the use of alcohol in the elderly why is alcohol use a risk
There is lower consumption than the general population but daily drinking is more frequent. Risky because it leads to more falls and diease
How is prescription medication used in the elderly
People use more as they get older and use is three times more frequent than the general population
What causes the most hospital visits in the elderly
1/4 visit is due to prescription medication
Which person is most likely to use prescriptions
Those who are white, female, less educated, separated or divorced have high number of negative life events or psychiatric conditions
Which prescriptions and most commonly prescribed
Benzodiazepines for anxiety depression and sleep issues (most common in women)
Describe the trend of illicit drug use in elderly compared to the last generation of older people
Although the prevalence rate is low, there is a higher amount of use in the baby boomers compared to the people before them
What are some Issues which should be assessed when working with an elderly person who may be taking drugs
Falls and incidents, nutritional adequacy, family problems, social isolation, medical issues, ability to attend to daily living activities, fitness to drive, polypharmacy (use of multiple medications)
How is drug treatment tailored to the elderly
Slow paced, less confronting, emphasis on social relations and support. Focus on age important lifestyle issues (healthy diet/excercise) address associated problems e.g. social financial and relational
What is the best way to get the elderly to quit smoking
Focus on the benefits, risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease drops and better blood pressure and lung function
What type of treatment for sleep gets elderly of valium
Destroying the myth that they should get 8 hours sleep encourage exercise reduce alcohol and caffiene discourage naps in the day pain management avoid early bed times
Describe the relationship between indigenous australians and alcohol
They are more likely to be abstinent but those who do drink do so at a more harmful level
Describe the relationship between indigenous people and illicit drugs
One third of then used illicit drugs. Males have higher rates of use and so do those is remote areas and start of use is a year younger than in the general population
Describe the use of inhalants in the indigenous population
Starts age 14 more common in rural areas
Why are indigenous people at higher risk of substance use
47% never finish highschool they have an average weekly income less than 1000$, higher rate of unemployment, higher rates of violence as well as disability so they are at a socioeconomic disadvantage and have low self esteem
Describe the historical perspective when dealing with indigenous people
It is important to ackowledge history such as human right violations as they have contributed to drug use in modern day society
What is the anthropological perspective of use in indigenous people
Alcohol become an issues because group sharing was important and so it was shared around. Especially since group member influence eachother
What is the hunter gather explanation for alcohol use
Food shortage in the wild meant food was gathered and consumed quickly in the same way alcohol is
What is the physiological and disease perspective to substance use
Some maintain that there is a racially determined gene or predisposition to alcohol use - there is no evidence for this
What is the psychological perspective to substance use
Working on self esteem employment education and relationships to treat addiction
Why do indigenous people not often seek help for substance use
There is limited access to culturally sensitive treatment and few indigenous therapists
How can we make indigenous therapy successful
By recognising stereotypes, by becoming familiar with forms of verbal vs non verbal communication, being culturally sensitive and building trust
What is the community approach to substance treatment is it sucessful
It is the most successful approach and is run by the community it focuses on education designated sober (dry) areas sobering up shelters and night patrols
