Week 2

Question 1

Why is it important to look at women and drug use specificaly

Answer 1

Theres are different patterns of use, it is veiwed typically as a male issue

Question 2

How are women effected differently by alcohol in comparison by men

Answer 2

They are more vulnerable to its effects

Question 3

How does women as drug users being less socially acceptable an issue

Answer 3

They are more likely to hide, or be secretive about use so they are less likely to get help

Question 4

What drugs are most commonly used by women

Answer 4

Prescription medicines

Question 5

What is the telescoping effect

Answer 5

The time taken from the start of use to when it becomes an issue

Question 6

What other disorders typically co -occur with substance use amoungst women

Answer 6

Mood disorders, anxiety, ptsd and body image/eating disorders

Question 7

How does pregnancy effect substance use, list pros and cons

Answer 7

Women are more likely to seek help but there are risks or becoming infertile and injuring the child

Question 8

How does marital status effect women and substance use

Answer 8

The are more likely to be influenced by their partners substance use and while treatment compliance rises for married men it decreases for married women

Question 9

How does having at least one child effect women undergoing treatment for substance use

Answer 9

Because they are usually still primary care givers they find it hard to go through therapy and usually drop out.

Question 10

How does being a women effect the type of treatment

Answer 10

Treatment is often designed by men for men and women are under represented in treatment

Question 11

What is the optimal treatment for a women with sud (there are 6)

Answer 11

A place with childcare facilities
Phsyical and emotional safety
Space to explore issue related to abuse
A way to treat comorbid issues
Financial and economic support
Something that tailors to women of different cultural backgrounds

Question 12

Describe the prevalence of different types of abuse is women with substance use. And if abuse leads to drug use of drug use leads to abuse

Answer 12

There is often a high prevalence of women who have faced sexual abuse and domestic violence. Past abuse is related to drug use but using also increases that chance of abuse

Question 13

What are the two catergories of sex work and substance use. What are the risks invloved

Answer 13

Sex workers who use drugs

And drug users who use sex work as a means to pay for there drugs. There is a large HIV risk

Question 14

How does substance use effect the menstrual cycle. Which drugs cause which issues

Answer 14

Alcohol and heroin cause irregularities
Amphetamines can cause ovulation to stop
In young users secondary sexual characteristics can stop

Question 15

Is there a safe amount to drink during pregnancy?

Answer 15

Current findings are that there is no safe level to consume, but there is no convincing evidence that a small intake is harmful. WHO suggests women should never be drug while pregnant and heavy drinking during early pregnancy is particularly dangerous

Question 16

When is foetal alcohol syndrome most common

Answer 16

In indigenous populations

Question 17

List signs of foetal alcohol syndrome in babies what are the most telling of this disorder

Answer 17

Low birth weight
Microcephaly (small head)
Flattened or small features 
Restricted movement due to tight muscles
Thin upper lip
Heart deffects

Low both weight or microcephaly are tell tale signs

Question 18

How is the child development effected by feotal alcohol syndrome

Answer 18

Low IQ developmental delays behaviour and learning difficulties memory problems ADHD mental health problems
Increases risk of substance use or abuse

Question 19

True or false women using drugs have lower self esteem

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is a risk factor for women using drugs

Answer 20

A past history of abuse

Question 21

Describe the gender gap of drug use in the LGBTIQ community

Describe the rate of drug use in LGBTIQ compared to heterosexual communities

Answer 21

The gender gap is less pronounced but LGBTIQ people are 2-5 times more likely to use drugs than heteresexuals

Question 22

What is the minority stress theory

Answer 22

Discrimination and victimisation of the LGBTIQ from other communities contribute to the disparity (difference in prevalence of drug use in LQBTIQ compared to heterosexuality)

Question 23

Describe the prevalence of male drug use in LQBTIQ people

Answer 23

1 in 4 men had depression and drug use which is higher than the general male population

Question 24

How has therapy shifted to treat LGBTIQ

Answer 24

Like women based treatment there are more treatments designed for LGBTIQ they are welcomed and have specialised treatment rather than just tolerates

Question 25

Why is it difficult to treat the homeless for substance use

Answer 25

They are hard to reach but 40% of then have reported issues with drugs

Question 26

Which homeless people are most at risk for drug use, which drugs are commonly used

Answer 26

Single men who are less educated and most likely to use weed or cocaine

Question 27

Do people use drugs and become homeless or do people become homeless and then use drugs

Answer 27

66% of people use drugs after becoming homeless

Question 28

What is the treatment first approach to using substance use

Answer 28

Temporary housing is offered then there is detoxification and housing readiness before being independent housing

Question 29

What is the housing first approach to treatment

Answer 29

Gives the person a house first and treatment is encouraged but not mandatory

Question 30

How does tobacco effect the elderly describe the gender gap

Answer 30

High use in this group of people and it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Higher use in males than females

Question 31

Describe the use of alcohol in the elderly why is alcohol use a risk

Answer 31

There is lower consumption than the general population but daily drinking is more frequent. Risky because it leads to more falls and diease

Question 32

How is prescription medication used in the elderly

Answer 32

People use more as they get older and use is three times more frequent than the general population

Question 33

What causes the most hospital visits in the elderly

Answer 33

1/4 visit is due to prescription medication

Question 34

Which person is most likely to use prescriptions

Answer 34

Those who are white, female, less educated, separated or divorced have high number of negative life events or psychiatric conditions

Question 35

Which prescriptions and most commonly prescribed

Answer 35

Benzodiazepines for anxiety depression and sleep issues (most common in women)

Question 36

Describe the trend of illicit drug use in elderly compared to the last generation of older people

Answer 36

Although the prevalence rate is low, there is a higher amount of use in the baby boomers compared to the people before them

Question 37

What are some Issues which should be assessed when working with an elderly person who may be taking drugs

Answer 37

Falls and incidents, nutritional adequacy, family problems, social isolation, medical issues, ability to attend to daily living activities, fitness to drive, polypharmacy (use of multiple medications)

Question 38

How is drug treatment tailored to the elderly

Answer 38

Slow paced, less confronting, emphasis on social relations and support. Focus on age important lifestyle issues (healthy diet/excercise) address associated problems e.g. social financial and relational

Question 39

What is the best way to get the elderly to quit smoking

Answer 39

Focus on the benefits, risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease drops and better blood pressure and lung function

Question 40

What type of treatment for sleep gets elderly of valium

Answer 40

Destroying the myth that they should get 8 hours sleep encourage exercise reduce alcohol and caffiene discourage naps in the day pain management avoid early bed times

Question 41

Describe the relationship between indigenous australians and alcohol

Answer 41

They are more likely to be abstinent but those who do drink do so at a more harmful level

Question 42

Describe the relationship between indigenous people and illicit drugs

Answer 42

One third of then used illicit drugs. Males have higher rates of use and so do those is remote areas and start of use is a year younger than in the general population

Question 43

Describe the use of inhalants in the indigenous population

Answer 43

Starts age 14 more common in rural areas

Question 44

Why are indigenous people at higher risk of substance use

Answer 44

47% never finish highschool they have an average weekly income less than 1000$, higher rate of unemployment, higher rates of violence as well as disability so they are at a socioeconomic disadvantage and have low self esteem

Question 45

Describe the historical perspective when dealing with indigenous people

Answer 45

It is important to ackowledge history such as human right violations as they have contributed to drug use in modern day society

Question 46

What is the anthropological perspective of use in indigenous people

Answer 46

Alcohol become an issues because group sharing was important and so it was shared around. Especially since group member influence eachother

Question 47

What is the hunter gather explanation for alcohol use

Answer 47

Food shortage in the wild meant food was gathered and consumed quickly in the same way alcohol is

Question 48

What is the physiological and disease perspective to substance use

Answer 48

Some maintain that there is a racially determined gene or predisposition to alcohol use - there is no evidence for this

Question 49

What is the psychological perspective to substance use

Answer 49

Working on self esteem employment education and relationships to treat addiction

Question 50

Why do indigenous people not often seek help for substance use

Answer 50

There is limited access to culturally sensitive treatment and few indigenous therapists

Question 51

How can we make indigenous therapy successful

Answer 51

By recognising stereotypes, by becoming familiar with forms of verbal vs non verbal communication, being culturally sensitive and building trust

Question 52

What is the community approach to substance treatment is it sucessful

Answer 52

It is the most successful approach and is run by the community it focuses on education designated sober (dry) areas sobering up shelters and night patrols