Week 14-genetics & Inteligence Flashcards
What is the difference between nativism and empiricism?
Nativism: born with it
Empiricism: from the environment
What is the text book definition of intelligence?
The general term used to refer to a persons ability to learn and remember information, to recognize concepts and their relations, and to apply the information to their own behaviour in an adaptive way.
Behaviour genetics are?
The study of genetic influences on behaviour
What is heritability?
The amount of variability in a given trait in a given population at a given time due to genetic factors; measured as h2 and sometimes referred to by this measure instead of the word.
What is DNA?
Genetic material of all organisms that make up chromosomes; resembles a twisted ladder, with strands of sugar and phosphates connected by rungs made from nucleotide molecules of adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine.
What are chromosomes?
Threadlike structures in the nuclei if living cells; contain genes.
What are genes?
Small units of DNA that direct the syntheses if proteins and enzymes and result in the expression of inheritable traits.
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
A genotype is an organisms genetic make up. A phenotype is the outward expression of an organisms genotype; an organisms physical and behavioural characteristics
The trait that is exhibit when an individual posses heterozygous alleles at that locus. What is it?
Dominant
Trait that occurs only when it is expressed by homozygous alleles.
Recessive
What are alternative forms of the same gene?
Alleles
Define homozygous
Each parent contributes the same allele for a particular gene.
Define heterozygous
Each parent contributes alleles for a particular gene.
A trait that is influenced by more that one gene is called ….?
Polygenic
What is concordance?
The expression of similarity in traits (or absence of traits) by both twins.
Epigenetics is the study of what?
Study of heritable changes that occur without changes the DNA sequence. Some genes can be turned off or turned on.
What are differentiated cells?
Less specialized cells whose profiles or characteristics have overtime grown increasingly different from and more specialized than other cells of the same type.
What is the differential approach?
An approach in psychology devoted to tests and measures of individual differences in various psychological properties, including people’s abilities to solve problems.
What is deviation IQ?
A procedure for computing the intelligence quotient; compares an individuals score with those received by other individuals of the same chronological age.
_________: determining typical performance on a test
Standardization
Name three cognitive attributes that contribute to intelligence
Efficient
Synchronized
Adaptable
What is gene-environment covariation?
Wen exposed to environmental conditions is correlated with a persons genes. For example, a person who inherited extroverted characteristics might seek out a job that requires a lot of interaction with other people.
