Week 13-language Flashcards
When both the sender and the receiver understand it is called:
Comprehension
What is Language?
It is a method for communicating information including ideas, thoughts and emotions. It is symbolic. It is used to create novel ideas. And can be something not happening here and now.
What is Semanticity?
The extent to which a language can use symbols to transmit meaningful messages.
What is Generativity?
The ability to combine words or symbols or a language using rules of composition and syntax to communicate an almost infinite variety of ideas using a relatively small vocabulary.
To be considered a language, any form of communication had to have….?
Displacement
What is displacement?
The ability to convey a message that is not tied to the current time and place. Communicate events about past and future and or another location.
What is an example of semancity?
A bee doing a circle dance to let others know where flowers are.
Or. Monkeys call when in danger.
Or. Flower arrangement.
What is an example of Generativity
“The ball hit the boy” “ The boy hit the ball”. They both have the same words but the order switches the meaning.
Identify 3 key properties of human language
Semanticity. Generativity. Displacement.
What is a phoneme?
The basic distinctive speech sounds Ina language that distinguish one words from another. For example ‘rice’ and ‘lice’
What are morphemes?
The smallest unit of meaning in language. Phonemes are combined to make morphemes. They act like the building blocks to create words.
What are semantics?
The relationship between words and their meanings
What is Syntax?
Grammatical rules of a particular language for combing in words to form phrases, clauses, and sentences.
What are Pragmatics?
The social rules of language that allow people to use language appropriately for different purposes and in different situations.
What are the three steps/points that one has to hear to comprehend and utterance?
- Recognize the sounds (phonemes)
- Identify words and their meanings (access morphology and semantic knowledge)
- Analyze the syntax of the message.
What are articulators?
Mouth structures that make speech sounds ( jaw, tongue, lips, and soft palate)
What is coarticulation?
Speech sounds for words are not produced in a discrete sequence. Instead, the articulators are effectively shaping sounds at any moment in time, so that different instances of a particular phoneme are acoustically different depending in the sounds proceeding them.
What is the name of exaggerated expressive verbal and non verbal communication used with infants?
Infant Direct Talk (IDT)
When a child overextends a word what does that mean?
Generalize known words to a wider variety of contexts that is appropriate for those words.
What is an example of overextension?
When a child says dada when he or she sees another man. Or point to a piece of tape and say ouch recognizing that it is like a bandaid.
When an infant under extends a word this means what?
That they limit context for generalized words to a certain specific meaning.
What is an example of under extension?
For example the word “ball” may just refer to their ball and not any other spherical toys.
What is a vocabulary spurt and at what age to children normally have this?
A vocabulary spurt is a period of strong language growth in children in which they are able to learn and use a large number of words.
-usually by around the age of 18months of age infants may be able to produce as many as 50 words. Then go on a frenzy of learning new words.
What is telegraphic speech?
Speech that sounds much like a telegram, with only the essential words, has words arranged in and order that makes sense and contacts almost all mounds and verbs strung together in pairs.
What is the theory of language development that proposes that children are born with an innate knowledge of universal grammar called?
Nativism
What is an Interactionist?
A person who believes that language development results from interaction around multiple biological and social influences.
The _______hemisphere is usually used for language
Left
