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256-Exercise science > Week 13 Lecture > Flashcards

Week 13 Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

List 4 negative outcomes that can result from untreated Hypertension

A
  1. Pathological cardiac hypertrophy
  2. Formation of cerebral aneurysms
  3. Renal or afferent artery stenosis
  4. Heart failure
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2
Q

a single bout of Aerobic exercise will cause little change to _____ and increase _____

A

DBP

SBP

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3
Q

What level RPE should be attained in strength training to decrease blood pressure

A

12-13

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4
Q

List what should be included in a health screening before exercise of those with CVD?

A
  • Medical history
  • physical examination
  • laboratory assessment (cholesterol)
  • physiological testing (GXT)
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5
Q

List positive outcomes of exercise in those with CAD

A
  • structural and functional changes in myocardium
  • reduces heart rate and blood pressure = reduced cardiac workload
  • reduced anginal pain
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6
Q

What is the most common symptom in PAD

A

Intermittent Claudication

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7
Q

What should be the focus in exercise for those with PAD

A

Improve walking capacity

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8
Q

What are risks or special considerations in PAD patients when exercising

A
  • poor wound healing
  • peripheral neuropathy (balance)
  • increases bleeding risk
  • at risk of AAA
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9
Q

How is O2 consumption affected in PVD patients ?

A

O2 consumption 50% of that in normal individuals

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10
Q

What exercise pattern should be used in PVD

A

Exercise-> rest and repeat

Symptom dependent

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11
Q

Following a single bout of exercise, BP will ______ for _____ hours

A

Decrease

22 hours

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12
Q

A combination of _____ training and _______ training should be performed by hypertensive patients

A

Aerobic

Weight

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13
Q

List 5 benefits of exercise with COPD

A
  1. CV reconditioning
  2. Desensitisation to dsypnea
  3. Increased muscular strength
  4. improved body composition
  5. Improved ventilator efficiency
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14
Q

What should be the 4 goals of exercise for COPD patients

A
  1. Optimise respiratory mechanics
  2. Energy conservation during ADLs
  3. Correct physical reconditioning
  4. Desensitisation to dyspnea
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15
Q

Why are warm-ups important for asthma patients

A

Refractory period

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16
Q

List benefits of exercising for asthma patients

A
  • Increased efficiency of oxygen delivery
  • less production of lactic acid
  • decreases ventilation
17
Q

List 5 ways to reduce risk of EIA

A
  1. Monitor air flow with a peak flow meter
  2. Avoid allergic triggers
  3. Take medication before exercise
  4. Warm and up cool down
  5. Nasal breathing
18
Q

Testing considerations:

With individuals of middle age, present HTN and additional Coronary risk factors, what should be done on initial testing and why

A

Stress test, will show any heart abnormalities

19
Q

Vasodilatory effects from exercise can be due to what?

A
  1. Body warming effects
  2. Lactic acid or Nitric Oxide production
  3. Decreased sympathetic activity
  4. Hormone/receptor response
20
Q

Why could aerobic exercise be beneficial in HTN patients

A

It acts quickly to chronically reduce BP

Positive effects can be seen in 3 weeks

21
Q

How does resistance training effect blood pressure, give recommendations

A

Only has a modest effect

8-12 reps, single set of 8-10 exercises

22
Q

What should be considered for a warm up with those with hypertension

A

Slow warm up will reduce the chance of large BP increases

23
Q

An individual is taking Beta- blockers for their hypertension, why is this important to know ?

A

HR is no longer a reliable indicator of intensity

24
Q

Why should exercise be undertaken by those with CVD

A
  • it is shown that exercise can stabilise or regress Atherosclerosis
25
Q

During a graded exercise test, how is intensity measured and what level should be reached ?

A

HR

And it should reach 85% of age-predicted max.

26
Q

Why would a stress test not be used

A

Is their is presence of acute or unstable cardiac disease

27
Q

How should intensity be measured in CAD patients ? And why?

A

RPE

Some may have reduced HR response

28
Q

What’s an important result and consideration of PVD patients ?

A

Peripheral Blood flow reduction

29
Q

PVD:

Walking should be a primary exercise for Aerobic training, what should be the intensity and how should it be scaled

A

Walking until the point of moderate claudication pain (4-5/10)

30
Q

What should be an aerobic exercise for PVD patients

A
  • interval walking at maximum tolerable speed
31
Q

List two special considerations in PVD patients that should be monitored or noted

A
  • monitor HR and BP

- peripheral neuropathy may be present

32
Q

How long should the exercise-rest pattern for walking be used in a session

A

35-50 minutes

33
Q

List cardiopulmonary tests used to test aerobic capacity

A
  • VO2 peak
  • Peak HR
  • Work performance test
  • 6MWT
  • STS
  • incremental cycle or walking test
  • sub-maximal to predict VO2
34
Q

When prescribing interval or continuous endurance training to COPD patients, what should be used as an intensity scale

A

% of Baseline PWR

35
Q

A Borg RPE rating of 12-13, correlates to what score on the Dyspnea scale?

A

3

36
Q

When do COPD patients respond to exercise best ?

A

Mid to late morning

37
Q

What intensity scales should be used for COPD patients in aerobic training

A

RPE and Dyspnea

Peak HR usually not reached

38
Q

What are two preventative causes for EIA

A
  • cool and dry air

- Nasal vs mouth breathing

39
Q

State the three stage response to exercise in asthma

A
  • Early phase response
  • recovery
  • refractory period

256-Exercise science (13 decks)

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