Question 1

Bulk-Forming Laxatives

Accepted Answer

(eg, methylcellulose, psyllium, polycarbophil) have actions and effects much like those of dietary fiber. These agents consist of natural or semisynthetic polysaccharides and celluloses derived from grains and other plant material. The bulk-forming agents belong to our therapeutic group III, producing a soft, formed stool after 1 to 3 days of use.

Question 2

Catharsis

Accepted Answer

a prompt, fluid evacuation of the bowel.

Question 3

Chloride Channel Activators

Accepted Answer

By activating (opening) chloride channels in epithelial cells lining the intestine, lubiprostone (1) promotes secretion of chloride-rich fluid into the intestine and (2) enhances motility in the small intestine and colon. The result is spontaneous evacuation of a semisoft stool, usually within 24 hours.

Question 4

Constipation

Accepted Answer

hard stools, infrequent stools, excessive straining, prolonged effort, a sense of incomplete evacuation, and unsuccessful defecation. determined more by stool consistency (degree of hardness) than by how often bowel movements occur.

Question 5

Laxative Effect

Accepted Answer

production of a soft, formed stool over a period of 1 or more days

Question 6

Osmotic Laxatives

Accepted Answer

Osmotic action retains water and thereby softens the feces; fecal swelling promotes peristalsis

Question 7

Stimulant Laxatives

Accepted Answer

(1) Stimulate peristalsis and (2) soften feces by increasing secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestine and decreasing water and electrolyte absorption

Question 8

Surfactant Laxatives

Accepted Answer

Surfactant action softens stool by facilitating penetration of water; also cause secretion of water and electrolytes into intestine

Question 9

Methylcellulose category

Accepted Answer

bulk- forming laxative

Question 10

Docusate Sodium category

Accepted Answer

Surfactant Laxatives

Question 11

Bisacodyl category

Accepted Answer

Stimulant Laxatives

Question 12

Magnesium Hydroxide Category

Accepted Answer

Osmotic Laxatives

Question 13

Lubiprostone Category

Accepted Answer

chloride channel activator

Question 14

Methylcellulose Mechanism of Action

Accepted Answer

have the same impact on bowel function as dietary fiber. Following ingestion, these agents, which are nondigestible and nonabsorbable, swell in water to form a viscous solution or gel, thereby softening the fecal mass and increasing its bulk. Fecal volume may be further enlarged by growth of colonic bacteria, which can utilize these materials as nutrients. Transit through the intestine is hastened because swelling of the fecal mass stretches the intestinal wall, and thereby stimulates peristalsis.

Question 15

Methylcellulose use

Accepted Answer

temporary treatment of constipation. Also, they are widely used in patients with diverticulosis and irritable bowel syndrome.

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Week 11 - Chapter 79 Laxative Flashcards

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