Week 10 notes Flashcards
What is a prime mover? Give an example.
The primary mover of a joint. The biceps brachii is the prime mover for flexing the forearm.
What is a synergist? Give an example.
It supports the prime mover. I.e. the brachialis is a synergist for the biceps brachii
What are the two types of muscle contractions? Explain what they are including the subtypes.
1) isotonic contractions = load is moved as the length of the muscle changes
- concentric = shortening of muscle as tension is increased - i.e. biceps brachii when handweight is being curled
- eccentric = lengthening of muscles as muscle tension diminishes and muscle lengthens - i.e. handweight is being lowered
2) isometric contraction = muscle produces tension without changing the angle of a skeletal joint
In what order should clients with an injury be introduced to muscle contractions in treatment?
1) isometric - easier on a joint after injury
2) concentric
3) eccentric
What is the perimysium?
Casing for bundles of muscle fibres
What is the circular muscle shape?
It is arranged in a circle so when they contract there is an opening.
What is a convergent muscle shape?
It originates over a large area and inserts at a point, giving the muscle a triangular shape.
What does pennate mean?
Feather
What does unipennate mean?
The muscle attaches to one side of the tendon
What does bipennate mean?
The muscle attaches to both sides of the tendon
What does multipennate mean?
The muscle attaches to 3 parts of a single tendon.
What does parallel muscle shape mean? Is it the most common type of muscle in the body?
It contracts in line with the tendon, parallel with the muscle. This is the most common type of muscle in your body
What does parallel-fusiform muscle shape mean?
It is a muscle that bulges in the middle
What is the job of facial muscles?
To provide facial expressions
What are the 4 layers of the abdomen, from superficial to deep?
- Rectis abdominis
- External obliques
- Internal obliques
- Transverse abdominis
