Week 10/11 - forearm bones, movement, muscles

Question 1

Allan has had a CVA (stroke). What pathway potentially has been lesioned?

1. Corticospinal tract
2. Interneurone at level of C5
3. Lower motor neurone at C5
4. Spinal nerve at C5
5. The radial nerve

Answer 1

1. Corticospinal tract

A stroke effects an area of the brain.

Question 2

What does the inrerosseous membrane do between ulna and radius?

Answer 2

The membrane maintains the interosseous space between the radius and ulna through forearm rotation and actively transfers forces from the radius to the ulna

Question 3

Name the small pronator muscles in the forearm and where they are located?

Answer 3

Pronator teres - proximal forearm
Pronator quadratus - distal forearm

Question 4

What occurs at the radial head during pronation?

Answer 4

Medial rotation

Question 5

Anterior forearm muscles - superficial layer

Answer 5

Pass, fail, pass, fail

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 6

Anterior forearm muscles - intermediate layer

Answer 6

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 7

Anterior forearm muscles - deep layer

Answer 7

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

Question 8

PRONATOR TERES

Answer 8

Attachments:
P: medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
D: proximal radius

Action: forearm pronation and
elbow flexion

NS: median n.

Question 9

FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

Answer 9

Attachments:
P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: palmar surface of base of 2nd
metacarpal

Action: wrist flexion and radial
deviation (abd)

NS: median n.

Question 10

PALMARIS LONGUS

Answer 10

Attachments:
P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: flexor retinaculum and palmar
aponeurosis

Action: wrist flexion

NS: median n.

Question 11

FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

Answer 11

Attachments:
P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: palmar surface of pisiform, hook of the hamate and base of 5th metacarpal

Action: wrist flexion and ulnar
deviation (add)

NS: ulnar n.

Question 12

FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

Answer 12

Attachments:
P: medial epicondyle of humerus
D: middle phalanges of digits 2 - 5

Action: flexion at wrist,
metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2 - 5

NS: median n.

Question 13

FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS

Answer 13

Attachments:
P: proximal anterior medial surface of ulna and IOM
D: palmar surface of base of distal
phalanges of digits 2 - 5

Action: distal interphalangeal joint flexion of digits 2 - 5

NS: ulnar and Median nerve (anterior
interosseous n).

Question 14

FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS

Answer 14

Attachments:
P: anterior surface of radius and IOM
D: palmar surface of base of distal
phalange of 1st digit

Action: metacarpophalangeal and
interphalangeal flexion of 1st digit

NS: anterior interosseous n.

Question 15

PRONATOR QUADRATUS

Answer 15

Attachments:
P: distal anterior surface of ulna
D: distal anterior surface of radius

Action: radio-ulnar joint pronation

NS: anterior interosseous n.

Question 16

You examine the tone in Allan’s anterior forearm and find
that he has increased tone in all muscles of the anterior forearm.
With regards to the elbow joint he is beginning to lose range of
motion in which direction?

1. Extension
2. Flexion

Answer 16

1. Extension

Question 17

You examine the tone in Allan’s anterior forearm and find
that he has increased tone in all muscles of the anterior forearm.
With regards to the wrist joint he is beginning to lose range of
motion in which direction?

1. Extension
2. Flexion

Answer 17

1. Extension

Question 18

You examine the tone in Allan’s anterior forearm and find
that he has increased tone in all muscles of the anterior forearm.
With regards to the finger and thumb interphalangeal joints he is
beginning to lose range of motion in which direction?

1. Extension
2. Flexion

Answer 18

1. Extension

Question 19

You want to ensure that Allan does not lose range of motion
in his elbow, wrist, fingers and thumb. You decide to give him a
stretch to help maintain range of motion at all the joints. What
position would you use?

1. Elbow flexion, wrist extension, finger and thumb MCPJ extension, finger and thumb IPJ
   extension
2. Elbow extension, wrist flexion, finger and thumb MCPJ extension, finger and thumb IPJ
   extension
3. Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger and thumb MCPJ flexion, finger and thumb IPJ
   extension
4. Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger and thumb MCPJ extension, finger and thumb IPJ
   flexion
5. Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger and thumb MCPJ extension, finger and thumb IPJ
   extension

Answer 19

5. Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger and thumb MCPJ extension, finger and thumb IPJ
   extension