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Nutrition > Week 1 - Nutrition Nursing > Flashcards

Week 1 - Nutrition Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

calorie estimation for healthy adults

A

20kcal/kg

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2
Q

calorie estimation for elderly adults

A

25kcal/kg

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3
Q

calorie estimation for obese adults

A

20kcal/kg

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4
Q

weight for healthy adult

A

72.7 kg

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5
Q

weight for elderly adult

A

70.4 kg

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6
Q

weight for obese adult

A

90.9 kg

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7
Q

the hamwi method…

A

estimates recommended weight based on medium sized person

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8
Q

hamwi method for women

A

100 lbs. first 5 feet
+5 lb for each inch over

ex) 5’4 = 100 + (5x4)
=120 lb

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9
Q

hamwi method for men

A

106 for first 5 ft
+6 for each inch over

ex) 6’ = 106 + (6x12)
=178

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10
Q

simple CHO

A

sugars that contain only 1-2 molecules of C, H, O

  • -usually ends in -ose
  • mono or di -saccharides
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11
Q

monosaccharides

A
  • single molecule

- digested as is

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12
Q

types of monosaccharides

A
  • glucose (dextrose)
  • fructose
  • galactose
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13
Q

disaccharides

A

-2 molecule of simple sugar

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14
Q

types of disaccharides

A
  • sucrose
  • maltose
  • lactose
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15
Q

complex CHO

A

polysaccharides

-multiple glucose molecules

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16
Q

types of polysaccharides

A
  • starch
  • glycogen
  • fiber
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17
Q

starch

A

plant version

  • stored in seed root or stems
  • found in grains
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18
Q

glycogen

A

animal version

  • stored for energy
  • limited supply available for liver + muscles
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19
Q

fiber

A
  • polysaccharide that CANNOT be digested
  • NOT an energy source
  • soluble or insoluble
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20
Q

dietary vs functional fiber

A

D: found in plants intact
F: isolated + extracted fr plants

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21
Q

how many calories are in carbs?

A

4 kcal per gram

22
Q

macronutrients provide ___

A

calories

23
Q

our body needs ___ grams of carbs per day

A

130 grams

24
Q

functions of CHO

A

provides energy to cells

-only energy source for eyes and brain

25
Q

___% of kcal of CHO per day

A

45-65

26
Q

serving size of CHO

A

15 grams

27
Q

Pancreas helps breakdown..

A

CHO

28
Q

monosaccharides are metabolized into..

A

glucose

29
Q

proteins are ___ cals per gram

A

4 kcal

30
Q

recommended protein intake per day

A

0.8 gm/kg

31
Q

3 types of proteins

A

1 complete
2 incomplete
3 complimentary

32
Q

complete protein

A

provides 9 essential amino acids for protein synthesis

33
Q

incomplete proteins

A

does not have all 9 esssential amino acids

-all plant proteins except SOY are incomplete

34
Q

complimentary proteins

A

2 or more incomplete proteins that together make up the 9 essential amino acids
ex) hummus + pita, mac + cheese

35
Q

protein functions

A
  • tissue growth (cata + ana)
  • balance of nitrogen/water
  • support metab process
36
Q

non animal food source of COMPLETE protein

A
  • soy
  • rice + beans
  • quinoa
  • buckwheat
37
Q

fat calories

A

9 kcal/gram

38
Q

recommended daily fat intake

A

20-35% of total diet

-less than 10% from saturated

39
Q

for inidividuals w cardiovasc issues or diabetes, the recommended saturated source is

A

less than 7%

40
Q

Saturated fat

A
  • high LDL cholesterol

- mostly from animal source

41
Q

Unsaturated fatty acids

A
  • plant source
  • monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats
  • omega 3 + omega 6
42
Q

hydrogenated fats

A
  • manmade process except butter/lard

- not recommended

43
Q

trans fat

A
  • not recommended

- baked goods

44
Q

triglycerides

A

allows fat soluble vitamin transport

  • forms adipose tissue
  • supply body energy
45
Q

phospholipids

A

emulsify fat

  • cell membrane structure
  • transfer
46
Q

sterols

A

cholesterol

  • animal product
  • no calories
47
Q

about __% of consumed fat is absorbed

A

95%

-small fat particles are absorbed directly thru mucosal cells into capillaries

48
Q

fat catabolism

A
  • increases when carb intake is inadequate

- insufficient fuel choice

49
Q

largest + msot eddicient energy reserve

A

adipose tissue

50
Q

one lb of fat provides _____ cals

A

3500

Nutrition (18 decks)

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