Week 1 lectures Flashcards
What did Carl Linnaeus do in 1730’s?
He developed a system to classify all living animals.
He separated into plant and animal kingdom.
How was Linnaeus’ list separated?
-Kingdom
-Phylum
-Class
-Order
-Family
-Genus
-Species
-Latin Translation
What classification system was introduced in 1969?
Five-Kingdom classification system:
-Presence or absence of nucleus
-Number of cells
-Type of metabolism
The kingdoms were:
-Monerans (prokaryotic, unicellular)
-Protists (eukaryotic, mostly unicellular)
-Fungi (decomposers)
-Plants (Photosynthesis)
-Animals (Ingestion)
What are the 5 kingdoms?
Monera - unicellular, prokaryotic
Protista - Unicellular and simple, eukaryotic
Animalia - Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic
Plantae - Eukaryotic, multicellular, and photosynthetic
Fungi - Eukaryotic, unicellular and multicellular, and decomposers.
What are living things grouped according to?
Characteristics
What is the new three-domain classification system?
The three domains are:
Eubacteria
Kingdom:
-Bacteria
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
-Animalia
-Plantae
-Fungi
-Protista
Archaea
Kingdom:
-Archaea
What is Taxonomy?
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that helps to name and classify organisms.
What two names are organisms given?
Genus and species
What characteristics define humans
- Bipedalism - ability to stand upright and walk on two legs.
- Opposable thumbs
- Large Brain (relative to body size) - ability to conduct complex activities, helps to conduct social interactions.
- Capacity for language
At what levels can humans be studied?
-Atomic and molecular
-Cellular
-Tissue
-Organ
-Organ systems
-Organism
-Population
-Community
-Ecosystem
-Biosphere
What is the biosphere?
The worldwide ecosystem.
What is an ecosystem?
Communities of different populations that interact with each other and the nonliving environment.
What is a community?
Populations of different organisms interacting with each other in a particular place.
What is a population?
A group of individual organisms in a particular place
Organism?
An independent living unit