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Biology Of The Cell > Week 1: Dna Packaging > Flashcards

Week 1: Dna Packaging Flashcards

1
Q

How much DNA is contained in a single human cell?

A

Approximately 2 meters of DNA per cell

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2
Q

What is the total length of DNA in all human cells combined?

A

74,400,000,000,000 meters of DNA

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3
Q

What is the structure that contains DNA in eukaryotic cells?

A

Chromosomes

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4
Q

What is the average size of a human chromosome?

A

140 million bases

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5
Q

What is the complex formed by DNA and proteins?

A

Chromatin

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6
Q

What are the basic proteins that interact with DNA in nucleosomes?

A

Histones

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7
Q

How many histone proteins are in a nucleosome?

A

8 histone proteins

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: DNA wraps _____ around the histone core.

A

1.65 times

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9
Q

What is the diameter of chromatin fiber?

A

30 nm

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10
Q

What are the two main types of chromatin?

A
  • Euchromatin
  • Heterochromatin
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11
Q

True or False: Chromosomes are visible during interphase.

A

False

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12
Q

What role does Histone 1 play in chromatin structure?

A

It helps stack nucleosomes to form a chromatosome

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13
Q

What is the level of compression of chromosomes during cell division?

A

About 10,000 times smaller than their extended length

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14
Q

What is the primary challenge of DNA packaging in cells?

A

Accessing the right DNA at the right time

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15
Q

What is the process thought to involve scaffold proteins related to?

A

Final folding and access of DNA

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16
Q

What is the typical diameter of the nucleus in human cells?

A

5 – 10 micrometers

17
Q

What are karyotypes?

A

Images of condensed chromosomes

18
Q

What is the length of Chromosome 1 in humans?

A

About 8.5 cm

19
Q

What is the approximate number of base pairs in the human genome?

A

3 billion base pairs

20
Q

What is the total number of base pairs across all human chromosomes?

A

6 billion base pairs

21
Q

What is the compact form of chromatin visible during cell division?

A

Condensed chromosomes

22
Q

What type of chromatin is involved in transcription?

A

Euchromatin

23
Q

What type of chromatin is highly condensed and suppresses gene activity?

A

Heterochromatin

Biology Of The Cell (23 decks)

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