Week 1: Diagnosis in Psychiatry Pt. 2 Flashcards
What is the limitation of a diagnosis?
The diagnosis alone does not provide a comprehensive understanding of an individual’s situation, including their biology or life circumstances.
Is a philosophical concept that posits the existence of perfect, unchanging forms.
While it can be a useful tool for understanding abstract concepts, it may not be the most practical or realistic way to understand complex phenomena like mental illness.
Platonic Ideal
Is a type of abnormal motor behavior that can be associated with various mental health conditions, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and severe depression.
It involves unusual movements or a lack of movement, and can range from extreme agitation to complete immobility.
Catatonic Behavior
The study of conscious experience and subjective perception.
Phenomenology
Treatments often aimed at specific symptoms, rather than targeting the underlying disorder.
Symptom-based Treatments
Is a term used in psychiatry to describe a disturbance in the way a person thinks.
It can manifest in various ways, such as:
- Disorganized speeches
Delusions
Hallucinations
Difficulty understanding abstract concepts
Thought Disorder
Categorical Approach VS Dimensional Approach in Mental Disorders
Categorical:
Distinct entities with clear boundaries
Meeting all-or-none in diagnostic criteria
Dimensional:
Continuous spectra with varying degrees of severity
Individuals can fall anywhere along the spectrum, rather than being strictly categorized.
The classification of diseases, injuries, and disorders.
Nosology
Depression that occurs without episodes of elevated mood.
Unipolar Depression
Depression that occurs with episodes of elevated mood (mania or hypomania).
Bipolar Depression
A severe form of depression characterized by psychotic symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations.
Psychotic Depression
Is a medical procedure that involves inducing seizures with electrical stimulation to the brain.
It is primarily used to treat severe mental health conditions, particularly when other treatments have failed.
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
Is a common mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness.
It can also include physical symptoms such as fatigue, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances.
Depression
The increasing prevalence of a diagnosis over time, often due to changes in diagnostic criteria or increased awareness.
Diagnostic Creep
Controversies in Diagnoses of Mental Illnesses
1) ‘Novel’ diagnostic categories (PTSD, Autism)
2) Diagnostic Creep (ADHD)
3) Overdiagnosis in psychiatry
A movement that criticizes the medicalization of mental health and the use of psychiatric treatments.
Antipsychiatry
Approaches to mental health treatment that focus on understanding the individual’s unique circumstances and developing a personalized treatment plan.
Formulation-based Treatment
This approach focuses on the social and political context of mental illness and challenges traditional psychiatric practices.
Concerned about the excessive reliance on diagnostic classification and the use of psychopharmacological agents.
Critical Psychiatry
A concept proposed by R.D. Laing that suggests individuals may have conflicting or contradictory aspects of their personality.
The Divided Self
Argues that psychosis is not a medical condition but rather a result of internal conflict or tension between the authentic self and the false self.
The Divided Self
