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Lecture tests > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Early time Phlebotomy was used for

A

Removing evil spirits and impurities bring the body to
balance by

Cupping
Leeches
Cutting open veins

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2
Q

What is the main two uses for phlebotomy

A

Diagnostic testing and

blood donation and

for treating patients with polycythemia (overproduction of red blood cells) or hemochromatosis (excess iron deposits throughout the body). These procedures are called therapeutic phleobotomies

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3
Q

Traditional roles of phlebotomist

A

Collection of blood

Preparing specimens for transport

Preparing patients for collection procedures

Maintain patient confidentiality

Collect urine and blood drug screen specimens

Perform EKGs(electrocardiography)

Perform front office duties

Promote good public relations with staff and patients

Assist or perform in POCT (point of care testing)

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4
Q

POCT

A

Point of care testing: rapid strep test

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5
Q

How a phlebotomist shows professionalism

A

Have integrity show compassion and empathy be motivated have a positive attitude be honest be competent correct posture

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6
Q

HIPAA

Health insurance portability and accountability act of 1996

A

When in doubt don’t give it out

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7
Q

Outpatient or ambulatory care

A

Dentist, M.D. offices, surgical centers, health clinics, and outpatient areas of hospitals. 60% of surgeries are performed in an outpatient pt basis

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8
Q

Professional services

Cardiology

A

EKG, halter monitor, stress testing

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9
Q

Professional services

occupational therapy (OT)

A

Small muscles assist with ADL( activities of daily living) of post trauma, CVA

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10
Q

Professional services

physical therapist (PT)

A

DX impairment and make individualized TX plan

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11
Q

Professional services

medical imaging

A

(X-rays) US, MRI, CT scan, mammograms

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12
Q

What’s a glucose fasting range

A

70 to 110

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13
Q

Phlebotomist rolls in a physician lab

A
  • The test and what they’re used for
  • proper collection techniques
  • how to direct patients in proper specimen collection
  • how to handle specimens after collection
  • process of handling it reports to the MD
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14
Q

PE (physical exam)

A

Record the patients state of health

Detect asymptomatic conditions

Confirm clinical diagnosis

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15
Q

Laboratory personnel

Pathologist

A

Deal with dead

do autopsies and biopsies specialize in disease processing

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16
Q

Laboratory personnel

Clinical lab scientist (MT)

A

Certified to perform analysis in testing all lab departments

hold a bachelors degree

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17
Q

Laboratory personnel

clinical lab technician (MLT)

A

Qualified to perform testing under supervision

holds an associate degree

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18
Q

Laboratory personnel

Lab assistant

A 
Assists lab techs 
spins down blood 
Prepares specimens for testing answer phone 
draws blood 
send specimens out to reference labs
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19
Q

Lab departments

Hematology department

A

Test formed cellular elements of the blood

counts RBCs, WBCs, PLTs

Tests HGB, HCT

EDTA is the preferred anticoagulant in this department

Assists in the DX of leukemia, infections and anemia

Most common test – CBC – complete blood count

20
Q

Lab department

urinalysis

A

Examines the physical, chemical and microscopic aspect of urine

Inexpensive and easy to collect

May be done along with C plus S on patients experiencing S/S of a UTI

Can screen for it’s systemic problems including issues with liver, kidneys, diabetes, UTI,

21
Q

Lab departments

blood bank

A

Deals with blood type in procedures and cross matching

stores blood components for transfusion, blood products including FFP, PLT and whole blood

Blood is tested for compatibility

Correct ID is the cornerstone of this department

All products are tested for blood-borne pathogen’s prior to use

May also be called Immuneohematology

22
Q

Lab departments

coagulation

A

Deals with defects of blood clotting

PT and PTT are done to monitor patients on blood thinner medication such as chromatin and heparin

Tubes that are not filled to a 9:1 ratio will be rejected

Buffered sodium citrate (light blue top tube)

Careful attention must be paid to patients that are on blood thinner medications to make sure that the bleeding has completely stopped prior to bandaging

23
Q

Lab department

Microbiology

Micro or. Batie

A

Bacteria and fungi are grown inappropriate media and identified

Analyze bodily fluids for presence of micro organisms

Most common test is the C + S

Subdivision of bacteria

O+P are performed on stool

24
Q

Lab department

Chemistry

A

Majority of testing done here

Most machinery is automated and panels can be run it once

Electrolytes-potassium, sodium, chloride, carbon dioxide

Liver function test – albumin, alkaline phosphate, Bilibubin, protein, SGOT, SGPT

(LP) Lipid profile – cholesterol, high density lip bow protein, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides

25
Q

Lab departments

Cytology

A

Cell examination for early signs of cancer and other diseases

Pap is the most common test in this department

26
Q

What is the most important specimen collection step

A

Proper labeling

Consequences of miss labeling a specimen could be deadly

27
Q

What do you do if the lab calls with “Panic results”

A

Notify the MD of the results at once

28
Q

If a patient is known to be HIV-positive do you put a biohazard sticker on the specimen

A

NO, a biohazard sticker would give a false sense of security. Must treat all patients has infected

29
Q

Quality control

QC

A

To ensure accurate results the following must be closely monitored:

Temperature of the specimen

I’m off to the specimen

Time limits on the test

Use the chemicals past the expiration date

Proper collection container

30
Q

Can a non-tech perform a test if it is CLIA waived

A

Yes, A non-tech can perform a job if it has been waived by the clinical Laboratory improvement act of 1988

31
Q

Pathogen

A

Micro organism that causes disease

32
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Hospital acquired infection

33
Q

Malignancies

A

Cancers

34
Q

Emesis

A

Vomit

35
Q

Sputum

A

Lougee’s

36
Q

Lochia

A

Afterbirth vaginal weeping

37
Q

Droplet transmission

A

Transfer of microbe to mucous membrane such as mouth or nose by sneezing coughing or talking

droplets can travel only 3 feet and do not remain suspended in air

38
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Droplet nuclei (small particles)

Residue of evaporated droplets from sneezing, coughing, etc. Can remain suspended in the air and can be inhaled by susceptible host

A special mask must be worn by all entering area

TB, or bola, and varicella transmitted this way

39
Q

What is a N 95 respirator

A

The respirator you must wear in a pt that has pulmonary TP another airborne diseases

40
Q

Chain of infection

A
  1. Spread requires infected organism, a susceptible host (carrier), and a means of transportation
  2. Source – portal of exit – means of transmission – portal of entry – susceptible host
41
Q

Number way to stop spread of infection?

A

Wash your hands

42
Q

Percutaneous Exposure

A

Stuck with patients used dirty needle

43
Q

Can antimicrobial wipes be used as a substitute for alcohol-based hand rub?

A

No

44
Q

Are wearing gloves a substitute for decontamination

A

No

45
Q

What is the first line of defense against infection?

A

Intact skin is

46
Q

Under the patients bill of rights if a patient asks what complications could rise due to blood being drawn do you have to answer and if so what is the answer

A

Yes if they ask you have to answer.

Potential complications that could arise include

Nerve damage

Arterial hemorrhage

The transfusion of incompatible blood due to patient misidentification

Lecture tests (11 decks)

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