Wednesday - Adrenal/Pancreas histo - Awe Bee Flashcards
Embryologic origin of 2 parts of the adrenal gland
Cortex: mesoderm
Medulla: neural crest
Sympathetic fibers to meduallary chromafin cells are unique in what why?
They are preganglionic.
Arterial supply to adrenals:
renal artery has branches
- to cortex
- to medulla
then there are cortical and medullary veins that join to form a collecting vein (suprarenal vein)
3 zones of cortex, what they look like and what they produce
zona glomerulosa - outer portion. makes aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone
zona fasiculata - middle portion, cuboidal cells, lipid drops, parallel cords. makes cortisol and hydrocortisone, some androgens
zone reticularis - a little lipid. some light some dark cells. make sex steroids (androgens)
What upregulates aldosterone production in the glomerulosa?
Angiotensin
and ACTH, but acth works in all zones to upregulate production
What upregulates production of NE and EPI in medulla?
acetylcholine
What kind of cells are in the medulla
what shape are they.
Chromaffin cells
they’re columnar, non-regenerative
What is unique about chromaffin cells? (hint, they’re from neural crest)
They’re post ganglionic neurons
What types of cells are in the pancreatic islets?
alpha - 20% beta - 70% delta - 10% gamma - 1% epsilon
Where are alpha cells located?
what do they make
the periphery of the islets
glucagon
Where are beta cells located?
what do they make
center of islet
insulin
Where are delta cells located?
what do they make
somewhere in the islet
somatostatin.
what do gamma cells make?
what does it do?
what is their other name?
pancreatic polypeptide
- it’s similar to somatostatin, stops enzyme secretion of exocrine pancrease
pp cells
What type of nerves go to pancreas
what type of blood vessels
sympathetic and parasympathetic
fenestrated capillaries
