Thursday - Parathyroid Path - Krafts

Question 1

Most common cause of symptomatic hypercalcemia?

asymptomatic?

Answer 1

malignancy

hyperparathyroid

Question 2

4 types of hyperparathyroidism and their causes

Answer 2

primary
 - ademona
secondary 
 - hypocalcemia from renal failure
tertiary
 - autonomous parathyroids
pseudohyperparathyroidism
 - PTH-related protein, from lung cancer

Question 3

Signs of primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 3

stones
 - kidney
bones
 - pain - overactive osteoclasts - brown tumor
groans
 - GI probz
moans
 - mental  changes

Question 4

Labs of of primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 4

increased PTH and Calcium

decreased phosphate

Question 5

Genetic changes that cause Parathyroid adenoma

Answer 5

increased PRAD 1

decreased MEN 1

Question 6

Difference between normal tissue and parathyroid adenoma

Answer 6

adenoma as no fat

Question 7

Cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 7

chronic hypocalcemia

- renal failure, usually (because can’t excrete phosphate)

Question 8

tertiary hyperparathyroidism is from what

Answer 8

hyperfunctional autonomous parathyroid

Question 9

Causes of hypoparathyroidism

Answer 9

iatrogenic
hereditary
atrophy

Question 10

signs and symptoms of hypoparathyroid

Answer 10

numbness around mouth
weakness
arrythmias
no dental enamel

Question 11

2 special signs of hypoparathyroid (hypercalcemia)

Answer 11

trousseau sign
- tap cheeck
chvostek sign
- bp cuff causes spasm