WEAVERS, IRON SMELTERS AND FACTORY OWNERS

Question 1

WHEN ITS IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY STARTED GROWING FROM THE 1850s, ______ CAME TO BE KNOWN AS THE WORKSHOP OF THE WORLD.

Answer 1

BRITAIN.

Question 2

PATOLA IN MODERN INDIA WAS WOVEN IN?

Answer 2

SURAT, AHMEDABAD AND PATAN (ALL IN GUJARAT).

Question 3

AROUND 1750, BEFORE THE BRITISH CONQUERED BENGAL, INDIA WAS BY FAR THE WORLD’S LARGEST PRODUCER OF ________.

Answer 3

COTTON TEXTILES.

Question 4

WHAT WERE PIECE GOODS IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 4

SILK AND COTTON CLOTHS WERE KNOWN BY THEIR COMMON NAME IN THE EUROPEAN TRADE AS PIECE GOODS.

Question 5

AMONG THE PIECES ORDERED IN BULK (BY EUROPE) WERE?

Answer 5

1. PRINTED COTTON CLOTHES CALLED CHINTZ.
2. COASSES (OR KHASSA).
3. BANDANNA.
   CHINTZ IS DERIVED FROM THE HINDI WORD CHHINT, A CLOTH WITH SMALL AND COLOUR FULL FLOWERY DESIGNS.

Question 6

JAMDANI IS A FINE MUSLIN ON WHICH DECORATIVE MOTIFS ARE WOVEN ON THE LOOM, TYPICALLY IN _________.
OFTEN A MIXTURE OF COTTON AND GOLD THREAD WAS USED.

Answer 6

GREY AND WHITE.

Question 7

MOST FAMOUS CENTRES OF JAMDANI WEAVING IN MODERN INDIA WERE?

Answer 7

DACCA IN BENGAL AND LUCKNOW IN THE UNITED PROVINCES.

Question 8

TERM BANDANNA MEANS IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 8

BANDANNA REFERS TO ANY BRIGHTLY COLOURED AND PRINTED SCARF FOR THE NECK OR HEAD.
ORIGINALLY IT IS DERIVED FROM THE TERM BANDHNA (TYING) AND REFERRED TO A VARIETY OF BRIGHTLY COLOURED CLOTH PRODUCED THROUGH A METHOD OF TYING AND DYING.

Question 9

PRINTED DESIGN ON FINE CLOTH (CHINTZ) WAS PRODUCED IN?

Answer 9

MASULIPATNAM, ANDHRA PRADESH.

Question 10

BANDANNA PATTERNS WERE MOSTLY PRODUCED IN?

Answer 10

GUJARAT AND RAJASTHAN.

Question 11

WHAT IS ODHNI MODERN INDIA?

Answer 11

TWO TIE AND DYE SILK PIECES ARE SEAMED TOGETHER WITH GOLD THREAD EMBROIDERY.

Question 12

WHAT WAS CALICO ACT?

Answer 12

IN 1720, THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT ENACTED A LEGISLATION BANNING THE USE OF PRINTED COTTON TEXTILES- CHINTZ- IN ENGLAND.
THIS ACT WAS KNOWN AS THE CALICO ACT.

Question 13

SPINNING JENNY WAS INVENTED IN, BY?

Answer 13

IN 1764, BY JOHN KAYE.

Question 14

STEAM ENGINE INVENTED BY WHOM AND WHEN?

Answer 14

IN 1786 BY RICHARD ARKWRIGHT.

Question 15

TEXTILE PRODUCTION WAS CONCENTRATED IN FOUR REGIONS IN THE EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY. WHAT ARE THOSE AREAS?

Answer 15

1. BENGAL
2. DACCA IN EASTERN BENGAL (NOW BANGLADESH)- FAMOUS FOR ITS MULMUL AND JAMDANI WEAVING.
3. COROMANDEL COAST STRETCHING FROM MADRAS TO NORTHERN ANDHRA PRADESH.
4. GUJARAT.

Question 16

TERM TANTI, JULAHAS, MOMIN, SALE, KAIKOLLAR AND DEVANGS MEANING IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 16

• THEY ALL ARE WEAVERS.
  1. TANTI WEAVERS OF BENGAL.
  2. JULAHAS OR MOMIN WEAVERS OF NORTH INDIA.
  3. SALE AND KAIKOLLAR AND DEVANGS OF SOUTH INDIA.

Question 17

TERM RANGREZ MEANING IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 17

DYER, WHO DYED THE THREADS.

Question 18

TERM CHHIPIGARS MEANING IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 18

FOR PRINTED CLOTH THE WEAVERS NEEDED THE HELP OF SPECIALIST BLOCK PRINTERS KNOWN AS THE CHHIPIGARS.

Question 19

TERM AURANG MEANING IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 19

A PERSIAN TERM FOR A WAREHOUSE- A PLACE WHERE GOODS ARE COLLECTED BEFORE BEING SOLD, ALSO REFERS TO WORKSHOP.

Question 20

FIRST WEEKLY NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED IN BENGALI LANGUAGE?

Answer 20

SAMACHAR DARPAN.

Question 21

BENGALI NEWSPAPER SAMACHAR DARPAN WAS PUBLISHED BY?

Answer 21

BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY, PUBLISHED ON 23 MAY 1818 FROM THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS AT SERAMPORE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY.

Question 22

1. BY THE 1830s BRITISH COTTON CLOTH FLOODED INDIAN MARKETS. IN FACT BY THE 1880s TWO THIRDS OF ALL THE COTTON CLOTHES WORN BY THE INDIANS WERE MADE OF CLOTH PRODUCED IN BRITAIN. THIS AFFECTED NOT ONLY SPECIALIST WEAVERS BUT ALSO SPINNERS.
2. HANDLOOM WEAVING COMPLETED DIED IN INDIA AFTER THIS.
   TRUE/FALSE.

Answer 22

1. TRUE
2. FALSE, IT DID NOT COMPLETELY DIE IN INDIA. THIS WAS BECAUSE SOME TYPES OF CLOTHS COULD NOT BE SUPPLIED BY MACHINES.
   NOR DID THE TEXTILE MANUFACTURERS IN BRITAIN PRODUCE THE VERY COARSE CLOTHES USED BY THE POOR PEOPLE IN INDIA.

Question 23

_____ IN WESTERN INDIA AND _____ IN SOUTH INDIA EMERGED AS THE IMPORTANT NEW CENTRES OF WEAVING IN THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY.

Answer 23

SHOLAPUR, MADURA.

Question 24

THE FIRST COTTON MILL IN INDIA WAS SET UP IN?

Answer 24

IT WAS SET UP AS A SPINNING MILL IN BOMBAY IN 1854 (AS PER NCERT) AND 1853 (AS PER SPECTRUM) BY COWASJEE NANABHOY.

Question 25

FIRST MILL IN AHMEDABAD WAS STARTED IN?

Answer 25

1861.

Question 26

THE FIRST MAJOR SPURT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COTTON FACTORY PRODUCTION IN INDIA WAS DURING THE?

Answer 26

THE FIRST WORLD WAR WHEN TEXTILE IMPORTS FROM BRITAIN DECLINED AND INDIAN FACTORIES WERE CALLED UPON TO PRODUCE CLOTH FOR MILITARY SUPPLIES.

Question 27

WOOTZ STEEL PRODUCED ALL OVER INDIA WAS VERY FAMOUS. WHY?

Answer 27

WOOTZ STEEL WHEN MADE INTO SWORDS PRODUCED A VERY SHARP EDGE WITH A FLOWING WATER PATTERN.

Question 28

______ TOURED THROUGH MYSORE IN 1800, A YEAR AFTER TIPU SULTAN’S DEATH AND LEFT US AN ACCOUNT OF THE TECHNIQUE BY WHICH WOOTZ STEEL WAS PRODUCED.

Answer 28

FRANCIS BUCHANAN.

Question 29

WORD UKKU, HUKKU AND URUKKU MEANING IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 29

KANNADA WORD UKKU, TELUGU HUKKU AND TAMIL AND MALAYALAM URUKKU MEANS STEEL.

Question 30

_________, THE DISCOVERER OF ELECTRICITY AND ELECTROMAGNETISM, SPENT FOUR YEARS STUDYING THE PROPERTIES OF INDIAN WOOTZ (1818-22).

Answer 30

MICHAEL FARADAY.

Question 31

TERM BELLOWS MEANING IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 31

A DEVICE OR EQUIPMENT THAT CAN PUMP AIR.

Question 32

IN CENTRAL INDIA AGARIAS WAS A COMMUNITY OF _________.

Answer 32

IRON SMELTERS.

Question 33

WHY IRON SMELTING DECLINED IN LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY?

Answer 33

1. FOREST LAWS- FOREST DECLARED PRESERVED- MEANS NO WOOD FOR CHARCOAL FOR IRON SMELTERS.
2. IN AREAS WHERE THE GOVERNMENT HAD GIVEN ACCESS TO FOREST- HIGH TAX TO FOREST DEPARTMENT FOR EVERY FURNANCE THEY USED. THIS REDUCED THEIR INCOME.
3. IRON AND STEEL WAS IMPORTED FROM BRITAIN SO IRON SMITHS STARTED USING THAT.

Question 34

WHICH TRIBE HELPED TO ESTABLISH THE TATA IRON AND STEEL COMPANY (TISCO) THAT CAME UP BEGAN PRODUCING STEEL IN 1912?

Answer 34

THE LOCAL AGARIA TRIBE FROM CHATTISGARH HAD FOUND AN ABUNDANT IRON ORE SOURCE (RAJHARA HILLS), WHICH CHARLES WELD AND DORABJI TATA LATER DISCOVERED.