CIVILISING THE NATIVE, EDUCATING THE NATION

Question 1

IN 1783, A PERSON NAMED _______ ARRIVED IN CALCUTTA. HE HAD AN APPOINTMENT AS A JUNIOR JUDGE AT THE SUPREME COURT THAT THE COMPANY HAD SET UP.

Answer 1

WILLIAN JONES.

Question 2

ENUMERATE THE ORIENTALISTS OF MODERN INDIA?

Answer 2

1. WILLIAM JONES
2. HENRY THOMAS COLEBROOKE
3. NATHANIEL HALHED
4. WARREN HASTINGS.

Question 3

ORIENTALISTS MEANING?

Answer 3

THOSE WITH A SCHOLARLY KNOWLEDGE OF THE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE OF ASIA.
HASTINGS AND OTHER ORIENTALISTS NEEDED INDIAN SCHOLARS TO TEACH THEM THE VERNACULAR LANGUAGE.

Question 4

MADRASA IN CALCUTTA WAS SET UP IN?

Answer 4

1781, TO PROMOTE THE STUDY OF ARABIC, PERSIAN AND ISLAMIC LAW.

Question 5

HINDU COLLEGE WAS ESTABLISHED IN?

Answer 5

BENARAS IN 1791 TO ENCOURAGE THE STUDY OF ANCIENT SANSKRIT TEXTS THAT WOULD BE USEFUL FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE COUNTRY.

Question 6

DELHI COLLEGE WAS ESTABLISHED IN?

Answer 6

1792.

Question 7

TERM MADRASA MEANING?

Answer 7

AN ARABIC WORD FOR PLACE OF LEARNING, ANY TYPE OF SCHOOL OR COLLEGE FOR HIGHER LEARNING FOR PERSIAN AND ARABIC.

Question 8

THOSE WHO OPPOSED THE ORIENTALISTS WERE?

Answer 8

1. JAMES MILL
2. THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY.

Question 9

THE AIM OF EDUCATION OUGHT TO BE TO TEACH WHAT WAS USEFUL AND PRACTICAL. SO INDIANS SHOULD BE MADE FAMILIAR WITH THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ADVANCES THAT THE WEST HAD MADE, RATHER THAN WITH THE POETRY AND SACRED LITERATURE OF THE ORIENT, WAS SAID BY?

Answer 9

JAMES MILL.

Question 10

WHO WAS MUNSHI IN MODERN INDIA?

Answer 10

A PERSON WHO CAN READ, WRITE AND TEACH PERSIAN.

Question 11

A SINGLE SHELF OF A GOOD EUROPEAN LIBRARY WAS WORTH THE WHOLE NATIVE LITERATURE OF INDIA AND ARABIA. WAS SAID BY?

Answer 11

THOMAS BABINGTON MACAULAY.

Question 12

ENGLISH EDUCATION ACT OF 1835?

Answer 12

MACAULAY EMPHASIZED THE NEED TO TEACH THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
1. FOLLOWING MACAULAY’S MINUTE, THE ENGLISH EDUCATION ACT OF 1835 WAS INTRODUCED.
2. THE DECISION WAS TO MAKE ENGLISH THE MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION FOR HIGHER EDUCATION, AND STOP THE PROMOTION OF ORIENTAL INSTITUTIONS LIKE CALCUTTA MADRASA AND BENARES SANSKRIT COLLEGE. THESE INSTITUTIONS WERE SEEN AS TEMPLES OF DARKNESS, THAT WERE FALLING OF THEMSELVES INTO DECAY.
3. ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS NOW BEGAN TO BE PRODUCED FOR SCHOOLS.

Question 13

WOODS DESPATCH WAS LAUNCHED IN?

Answer 13

IN 1854, THE COURT OF DIRECTORS OF THE EIA IN LONDON SENT AN EDUCATIONAL DESPATCH TO THE GOVERNOR GENERAL IN INDIA.
ISSUED BY CHARLES WOOD, THE PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF CONTROL OF THE COMPANY, IT HAS COME TO BE KNOWN AS WOOD’S DESPATCH.

Question 14

PROVISIONS UNDER WOODS DESPATCH?

Answer 14

1. IT EMPHASIZED ONCE AGAIN THE PRACTICAL BENEFITS OF A SYSTEM OF EUROPEAN LEARNING, AS OPPOSED TO ORIENTAL KNOWLEDGE.
2. ONE OF THE PRACTICAL USES THE DESPATCH POINTED TO WAS ECONOMIC. EUROPEAN LEARNING, IT SAID, WOULD ENABLE INDIANS TO RECOGNISE THE ADVANTAGES THAT FLOW FROM THE EXPANSION OF TRADE AND COMMERCE, AND MAKE THEM SEE THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING THE RESOURCES OF THE COUNTRY.
3. WOODS DESPATCH ALSO ARGUED THAT EUROPEAN LEARNING WOULD IMPROVE THE MORAL CHARACTER OF INDIANS. IT WOULD MAKE THEM TRUTHFUL AND HONEST, AND THUS SUPPLY THE COMPANY WITH CIVIL SERVANTS WHO COULD BE TRUSTED AND DEPENDED UPON.

Question 15

WHAT MARKED THE FINAL TRIUMPH OF THOSE WHO OPPOSED ORIENTAL LEARNING?

Answer 15

WOODS DESPATCH 1854.

Question 16

UNTIL ______, THE EAST INDIA COMPANY WAS OPPOSED TO THE MISSIONARY ACTIVITIES IN INDIA.

Answer 16

1813.

Question 17

WHO HELPED ESTABLISH THE SERAMPORE MISSION?

Answer 17

WILLIAM CAREY WAS A SCOTTISH MISSIONARY WHO HELPED ESTABLISH THE SERAMPORE MISSION.

Question 18

MISSIONARIES SET UP A MISSION AT SERAMPORE IN AN AREA UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE ___________.
A PRINTING PRESS WAS SET UP IN ___ AND A COLLEGE ESTABLISHED IN____.

Answer 18

DANISH EAST INDIA COMPANY.
1800, 1818.

Question 19

WHAT WAS THE REPORT OF WILLIAM ADAM?

Answer 19

IT DEALS WITH THE PATSHALAS SYSTEM.
1. OVER 1 LAKH PATHSHALAS IN BENGAL AND BIHAR.
2. NO MORE THAN 20 STUDENTS IN EACH PATHSHALA.
3. THESE PATHSHALAS WERE SET UP BY WEALTHY PEOPLE, OR THE LOCAL COMMUNITY OR A GURU.
4. SYSTEM OF EDUCATION WAS FLEXIBLE.
5. NO FIXED FEE, NO PRINTED BOOKS, NO SEPARATE SCHOOL BUILDING, NO BENCHES OR CHAIRS, NO BLACKBOARDS, NO SYSTEM OF SEPARATE CLASSES, NO ROLL CALL REGISTERS, NO ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS AND NO REGULAR TIME TABLE.
6. FEE DEPENDED ON THE INCOME OF PARENTS, THE RICH HAD TO PAY MORE THAN THE POOR.
7. TEACHING WAS ORAL, AND THE GURU DECIDED WHAT TO TEACH, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEEDS OF THE STUDENTS.

Question 20

MEASURES TAKEN BY THE COMPANY AFTER 1854 TO IMPROVE THE SYSTEM OF VERNACULAR EDUCATION?

Answer 20

1. GOVERNMENT PANDITS APPOINTED, EACH IN CHARGE OF LOOKING AFTER FOUR TO FIVE SCHOOLS.
2. EACH GURU TO SUBMIT PERIODIC REPORTS.
3. REGULAR TIMETABLES.
4. TEXTBOOKS AND ANNUAL EXAMINATION INTRODUCED.
5. REGULAR FEE, REGULAR CLASSES, SIT ON FIXED SEATS AND OBEY THE NEW RULES OF DISCIPLINE.
6. PANDIT TO VISIT THE PATHSHALAS AND TRY TO IMPROVE THE STANDARD OF TEACHING.
7. PATHSHALAS WHICH ACCEPTED THE NEW RULES WERE SUPPORTED THROUGH GOVERNMENT GRANTS. THOSE WHO WERE UNWILLING TO WORK WITHIN THE NEW SYSTEM RECEIVED NO GOVERNMENT SUPPORT.

Question 21

THE COLLECTED WORKS OF MAHATMA GANDHI IS WRITTEN BY?

Answer 21

MAHATMA GANDHI.

Question 22

SANTINIKETAN WAS ESTABLISHED IN?

Answer 22

RABINDRANATH TAGORE STARTED THE INSTITUTION IN 1901, HE SAW IT AS AN ABODE OF PEACE.