MAKING OF THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT

Question 1

MOST OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE LED BY ENGLISH-EDUCATED PROFESSIONALS SUCH AS LAWYERS. THE MORE IMPORTANT ONES WERE THE POONA SARVAJANIK SABHA, THE INDIAN ASSOCIATION, THE MADRAS MAHAJAN SABHA, THE BOMBAY PRESIDENCY ASSOCIATION, AND OF COURSE THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS.
TRUE/FALSE.

Answer 1

TRUE.

Question 2

ARMS ACT OF BRITISH INDIA?

Answer 2

PASSED IN 1878, DISALLOWING INDIANS FROM POSSESSING ARMS.

Question 3

VERNACULAR PRESS ACT OF BRITISH INDIA?

Answer 3

1. PASSED IN 1878.
2. GOVERNMENT CAN CONFISCATE THE ASSETS OF NEWSPAPER INCLUDING THEIR PRINTING PRESSES IF THE NEWSPAPERS PUBLISHED ANYTHING THAT WAS FOUND OBJECTIONABLE.

Question 4

ILBERT BILL OF BRITISH INDIA?

Answer 4

1883 ATTEMPT BY THE GOVERNMENT TO INTRODUCE THE ILBERT BILL.
THE BILL PROVIDED FOR THE TRIAL OF BRITISH OR EUROPEAN PERSONS BY INDIANS, AND SOUGHT EQUALITY BETWEEN BRITISH AND INDIAN JUDGES IN THE COUNTRY. BUT WHEN THE WHITE OPPOSITION FORCED THE GOVERNMENT TO WITHDREW THE BILL, INDIANS WERE ENRAGED.

Question 5

FOUNDER OF NEWSPAPER INDIAN MIRROR?

Answer 5

1862 BY DEVENDRA NATH TAGORE.
KESHAB CHANDRA SEN AND ONE OF THE EDITORS MANMOHAN GHOSH OWNED INDIAN MIRROR.

Question 6

CONGRESS PRESIDENT IN 1887?

Answer 6

BADRUDDIN TYABJI.

Question 7

POVERTY AND UN-BRITISH RULE IN INDIA IS WRITTEN BY?

Answer 7

DADABHAI NAOROJI.

Question 8

CONGRESS IN THE FIRST TWENTY YEARS WAS ‘MODERATE’ IN ITS OBJECTIVE AND METHODS. IT DEMANDED A GREATER VOICE FOR INDIANS IN THE GOVERNMENT AND IN ADMINISTRATION. WHAT WERE THE DEMANDS?

Answer 8

1. IT DEMANDED THAT INDIANS BE PLACED IN HIGH POSITIONS IN THE GOVERNMENT. FOR THIS PURPOSE IT CALLED FOR CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS TO BE HELD IN INDIA AS WELL, NOT JUST IN LONDON.
2. THE DEMAND FOR INDIANISATION OF THE ADMINISTRATION WAS PART OF A MOVEMENT AGAINST RACISM, SINCE MOST IMPORTANT JOBS AT THE TIME WERE MONOPOLIZED BY THE WHITE OFFICIALS, AND THE BRITISH GENERALLY ASSUMED THAT INDIANS COULD NOT BE GIVEN POSITIONS OF RESPONSIBILITY. SINCE BRITISH OFFICERS WERE SENDING A MAJOR PART OF THEIR LARGE SALARIES HOME, INDIANISATION IT WAS HOPED, WOULD ALSO REDUCE THE DRAIN OF WEALTH TO ENGLAND.
3. OTHER DEMANDS INCLUDED THE SEPARATION OF THE JUDICIARY FROM THE EXECUTIVE, THE REPEAL OF THE ARMS ACT AND THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND EXPRESSION.
4. DEMANDED REDUCTION OF REVENUE, CUT IN MILITARY EXPENDITURE AND MORE FUNDS FOR IRRIGATION.
5. IT PASSED MANY RESOLUTIONS ON THE SALT TAX, TREATMENT OF INDIAN LABOURERS ABROAD, AND THE SUFFERINGS OF FOREST DWELLERS- CAUSED BY AN INTERFERING FOREST ADMINISTRATION.

Question 9

PARTITION OF BENGAL WAS DONE BY WHOM IN, WHICH YEAR?

Answer 9

1905, VICEROY CURZON.

Question 10

REASON THAT BRITISH GAVE AND ACTUAL MOTIVE BEHIND THE PARTITION OF BENGAL?

Answer 10

• BRITISH ARGUED FOR DIVIDING BENGAL FOR THE REASONS OF ADMINISTRATIVE CONVENIENCE AS IT HAD BECOME TOO BIG TO BE ADMINISTERED.
• IT WAS ALSO STATED THAT PARTITION WOULD HELP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASSAM IF IT CAME UNDER THE DIRECT JURISDICTION OF THE GOVERNMENT.
• PERHAPS THE MAIN MOTIVES WERE TO CURTAIL THE INFLUENCE OF BENGALI POLITICIANS AND TO SPLIT THE BENGALI PEOPLE, TO WEAKEN BENGAL, THE NERVE CENTRE OF INDIAN NATIONALISM.
• ALL THE SECTIONS OF THE CONGRESS- THE MODERATES AND THE RADICALS OPPOSED IT.

Question 11

SWADESHI MOVEMENT IN DELTAIC ANDHRA WAS KNOWN AS?

Answer 11

VANDEMATARAM MOVEMENT.

Question 12

WHICH RADICAL LEADER WAS AN ACTIVE MEMBER OF ARYA SAMAJ?

Answer 12

LALA LAJ PAT RAI.

Question 13

WHO SUPPORTED THE PARTITION OF BENGAL?

Answer 13

ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE SUPPORTED THE PARTITION OF BENGAL AS IT DESIRED SEPARATE ELECTORATES FOR MUSLIMS, A DEMAND CONCEDED BY THE GOVERNMENT IN 1909.

Question 14

WHY DID THE MODERATES WERE OPPOSED TO THE USE OF BOYCOTT?

Answer 14

BECAUSE THEY FELT THAT IT INVOLVED THE USE OF FORCE.

Question 15

IN 1895, ALONG WITH OTHER INDIANS, MAHATMA GANDHI ESTABLISHED THE NATAL CONGRESS TO FIGHT ________.

Answer 15

AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION.

Question 16

MAHATMA GANDHI’S EARLIEST INTERVENTIONS WERE IN LOCAL MOVEMENTS IN CHAMPARAN, KHEDA AND AHMEDABAD WHERE HE CAME INTO CONTACT WITH?

Answer 16

RAJENDRA PRASAD AND VALLABHBHAI PATEL.

Question 17

ROWLATT ACT CURBED FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS SUCH AS?

Answer 17

FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION AND STRENGTHENED POLICE POWERS.

Question 18

GANDHI’S RESPONSE TO ROWLATT ACT?

Answer 18

MAHATMA GANDHI, MOHAMMAD ALI JINNAH AND OTHERS FELT THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAD NO RIGHT TO RESTRICT PEOPLE’S BASIC FREEDOMS.
THEY CRITICIZED THE ACT AS DEVILISH AND TYRANNICAL.
GANDHI JI ASKED THE INDIAN PEOPLE TO OBSERVE 6 APRIL 1919 AS A DAY OF NON VIOLENT OPPOSITION TO THIS ACT, AS A DAY OF HUMILIATION AND PRAYER AND HARTAL (STRIKE).
SATYAGRAHA SABHAS WERE SET UP TO LAUNCH THE MOVEMENT.

Question 19

FIRST ALL INDIA STRUGGLE AGAINST THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT ALTHOUGH IT WAS LARGELY RESTRICTED TO CITIES?

Answer 19

THE ROWLATT SATYAGRAHA.

Question 20

WHO RENOUNCED HIS KNIGHTHOOD AFTER THE JALLIANWALA BAGH ATROCITIES?

Answer 20

RABINDRANATH TAGORE.

Question 21

PROTESTING THE HARSH TREATY ON THE TURKISH SULTAN OR KHALIFA BY THE BRITISH, INDIAN MUSLIMS PROTESTED UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF__________ . THIS AGITATION WAS KNOWN AS THE KHILAFAT AGITATION

Answer 21

MOHAMMAD ALI AND SHAUKAT ALI.
THEY NOW WISHED TO INITIATE A FULL FLEDGED NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT.
GANDHIJI SUPPORTED THEIR CALL AND URGED THE CONGRESS TO CAMPAIGN AGAINST PUNJAB WRONGS (JALLIANWALA MASSACRE), THE KHILAFAT WRONG AND DEMAND SWARAJ.

Question 22

NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT GAINED MOMENTUM THROUGH 1921-22. WHAT WAS THE REACTION OF THE PEOPLE?

Answer 22

1. THOUSANDS OF THE STUDENTS LEFT GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
2. MANY LAWYERS SUCH AS MOTILAL NEHRU, C.R. DAS, C. RAJAGOPALACHARI AND ASAF ALI GAVE UP THEIR PRACTICES.
3. BRITISH TITLES WERE SURRENDERED AND LEGISLATURES BOYCOTTED.
4. PEOPLE LIT PUBLIC BONFIRES OF FOREIGN CLOTH.
5. THE IMPORTS OF FOREIGN CLOTH FELL DRASTICALLY BETWEEN 1920 AND 1922.
6. THE WORKING CLASS WENT ON A STRIFE IN MANY TOWNS AND CITIES.
7. HILL TRIBES IN NORTHERN ANDHRA VIOLATED THE FOREST LAWS.
8. FARMERS IN AWADH DID NOT PAY TAXES.
9. PEASANTS IN KUMAUN REFUSED TO CARRY LOADS FOR COLONIAL OFFICIALS.

Question 23

WHY DID GANDHI CALLED OFF THE NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT?

Answer 23

HE ABRUPTLY CALLED OFF THE NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT WHEN IN FEBRUARY 1922 A CROWD OF PEASANTS SET FIRE TO A POLICE STATION IN CHAURI CHAURA.
TWENTY TWO POLICEMEN WERE KILLED ON THAT DAY.
THE PEASANTS WERE PROVOKED BECAUSE THE POLICE HAD FIRED ON THEIR PEACEFUL DEMONSTRATION.

Question 24

ONCE THE NON COOPERATION MOVEMENT WAS OVER, GANDHIJI’S FOLLOWERS STRESSED THAT THE CONGRESS MUST UNDERTAKE CONSTRUCTIVE WORK IN THE RURAL AREAS.
OTHER LEADERS SUCH AS ____&____ ARGUED THAT THE PARTY SHOULD FIGHT ELECTIONS TO THE COUNCILS AND ENTER THEM IN ORDER TO INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT POLICIES.

Answer 24

CHITTA RANJAN DAS AND MOTILAL NEHRU.

Question 25

TWO IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS OF THE MID 1920s WERE THE FORMATION OF THE ________.

Answer 25

1. RASHTRIYA SWAYAMSEVAK SANGH (RSS), A HINDU ORGANIZATION.
2. COMMUNIST PARTY OF INDIA.

Question 26

______ OF KARNATAKA HAD BEEN MARRIED AT THE AGE OF 12. WIDOWED AT SIXTEEN, SHE PICKETED FOREIGN CLOTH AND LIQUOR SHOPS IN UDIPI. SHE WAS ARRESTED, SERVED A SENTENCE AND WAS REARRESTED. BETWEEN PRISON TERMS SHE MADE SPEECHES, TAUGHT SPINNING AND ORGANIZED PRABHAT PHERIS.

Answer 26

AMBABAI.

Question 27

DURING THE SALT SATYAGRAHA, FOR INSTANCE, EVEN MAHATMA GANDHI WAS INITIALLY OPPOSED TO WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION. WHO CONVINCED HIM TO ALLOW WOMEN TO JOINED THE MOVEMENT?

Answer 27

SAROJINI NADIU AND KAMALADEVI CHATTOPADHYAY.

Question 28

FIRST INDIAN WOMEN TO BECOME THE PRESIDENT OF INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS?

Answer 28

SAROJINI NAIDU IN 1925.

Question 29

THE COMBINED STRUGGLES OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE BORE FRUIT WHEN THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT OF 1935 PRESCRIBED _________ AND THE GOVERNMENT ANNOUNCED ELECTIONS TO THE PROVINCIAL LEGISLATURES IN 1937. THE CONGRESS FORMED GOVERNMENTS IN 7 OUT OF 11 PROVINCES.

Answer 29

PROVINCIAL AUTONOMY.

Question 30

PRESIDENT OF NABRANGPUR CONGRESS, ORISSA IN 1930?

Answer 30

BAJI MOHAMMED.

Question 31

ON AUGUST 25, 1942 NINETEEN PEOPLE DIED ON THE SPOT IN POLICE FIRING AT PAPARANDI IN NABRANGPUR.
_________ (A LEGENDARY TRIBAL LEADER WHO DEFIED THE BRITISH) WAS HANGED.

Answer 31

VEER LAKHAN NAYAK.

Question 32

BAJI MOHAMMAD ROLE IN FREEDOM STRUGGLE?

Answer 32

1. HE MOBILIZED 20,000 PEOPLE TO JOIN THE NATIONAL STRUGGLE.
2. HE OFFERED SATYAGRAHA MANY TIMES OVER.
3. HE PARTICIPATED IN PROTESTS AGAINST THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND IN THE QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT, AND SERVED LONG JAIL TERMS.

Question 33

HE WAS AN EXPONENT OF THE NOTION OF WAHDAT-I-DEEN THAT UPHOLDS THE ESSENTIAL ONENESS OF ALL RELIGIONS AND OPPOSED TO JINNAH’S TWO NATION THEORY?

Answer 33

MAULANA AZAD.

Question 34

WHO SERVED AS MEMBER OF THE INTERIM GOVERNMENT OF 1946 AND AS FREE INDIA’S FIRST GOVERNOR GENERAL?

Answer 34

CHAKRAVARTI RAJAGOPALACHARI POPULARLY KNOWN AS RAJAJI.

Question 35

WHO WAS THE LEADER OF SALT SATYAGRAHA IN SOUTH?

Answer 35

C. RAJAGOPALACHARI.

Question 36

PRESIDENT OF CONGRESS SESSION 1931?

Answer 36

SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL.

Question 37

FOUNDER OF KHUDAI KHIDMATGARS?

Answer 37

KHAN ABDUL GHAFFAR KHAN, ALSO KNOWN AS BADSHAH KHAN.
KHUDAI KHIDMATGARS, A POWERFUL NON VIOLENT MOVEMENT AMONG THE PATHANS OF HIS PROVINCE.

Question 38

DIRECT ACTION DAY?

Answer 38

DIRECT ACTION DAY (16 AUGUST 1946) WAS THE DAY THE ALL INDIA MUSLIM LEAGUE DECIDED TO TAKE “DIRECT ACTION” FOR A SEPARATE MUSLIM HOMELAND AFTER THE BRITISH EXIT FROM INDIA.
ON THIS DAY RIOTS BROKE OUT IN CALCUTTA.