Weathering And Mass Movement

Question 1

What are karst landscapes?

Answer 1

Karst landscapes are areas where bare limestone rock is exposed to the weather.

Question 2

Explain and draw freeze thaw action diagram

Answer 2

1. During the day, water seeps into cracks in the rock.
2. At night, temperatures fall below freezing point. The water in the cracks freezes and expands by 9 per cent, putting pressure on the rock.
3. This process continues over time, widening the cracks and joints in the rock, causing it to weaken, and eventually pieces break of. The broken-down rock is known as scree. Scree often builds up at the base of a slope

Question 3

Explain what carbonation is.

Answer 3

The atmosphere contains a gas called carbon dioxide (CO2). Rainwater (H2O) mixes with the carbon dioxide (CO2) to form a weak carbonic acid (H2CO3). The weak carbonic acid has a huge effect on limestone rock. This is because limestone contains 80% calcium carbonate. The weak carbonic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the limestone and dissolves it. Limestone is a permeable rock so rainwater can pass right through it.

Question 4

Draw the underground features diagram.

Question 5

Draw the swallow hole diagram