Urbanisation And Settlement

Question 1

What is meant by the term settlement?

Answer 1

Settlement refers to places where people live, build homes and grow communities. Settlement can be urban or rural

Question 2

Explain what urban settlement is.

Answer 2

Urban settlement refers to cities, large towns and suburbs. These areas have high population densities.

Question 3

Explain your understanding of the term population density.

Answer 3

Population density refers to the average number of people living per km2

Question 4

Explain what rural settlement is.

Answer 4

Rural settlement refers to areas outside of cities with low population densities.

Question 5

What is meant by the term function?

Answer 5

Function refers to the economic activities that take place in a settlement.

Question 6

Explain what is meant by the term site.

Answer 6

Site refers to the area of land where a settlement is located.

Question 7

Explain what is meant by the term situation.

Answer 7

Situation refers to the physical and human features in the area surrounding the settlement.

Question 8

What does the site and situation of a settlement determine?

Answer 8

The site and situation of a settlement will determine its function and whether or not the settlement can expand in the future.

Question 9

What must be considered to establish a successful settlement?

Answer 9

To establish a successful settlement, key physical factors must be considered.

Question 10

What are the physical factors affecting location of settlement?

Answer 10

Climate,
relief,
altitude and aspect,
soil health and drainage,
water supply,
coastal location

Question 11

Explain 2 physical factors affecting location of settlement.

Answer 11

Relief: Relief (shape of land) will determine whether or not a settlement can be built.
Mountainous areas have very little settlement, as it would be very difficult to build on and live in upland areas. However, many settlements are built at the bases of mountains, as they provide protection from relief rainfall and strong winds.
Coastal Location: Sheltered areas along the coastline have had an effect on the location and development of settlement in Ireland over centuries. Bays and inlets offered protection for settlement building and access to the sea facilitated transport and development of trade.

Question 12

Name any 4 features of rural areas.

Answer 12

Newsagents
Fuel stations
National schools
Sporting grounds and clubs

Question 13

What are urban areas usually like?

Answer 13

Urban areas are usually densely populated cities and large towns.

Question 14

What are megacities.

Answer 14

Cities with more than 10 million inhabitants are referred to as megacities.

Question 15

Explain 3 features of urban areas.

Answer 15

▪ Many services are available: medical, legal, business, educational, etc.
▪ They perform many functions.
▪ Urban areas are always a route focus or nodal point.

Question 16

What is a route focus or nodal point?

Answer 16

A route focus or nodal point is a location where transport networks such as roads and railway lines meet and connect.

Question 17

What is a primate city?

Answer 17

A primate city is a city that has at least twice the population of the next largest city.

Question 18

Explain the differences between urban and rural housing.

Answer 18

Rural: Housing is generally one or two storeys. Some houses are traditional cottages that have been occupied for generations

Urban: Housing is quite compact: large, sprawling housing estates, terraced houses, and high-rise apartment buildings. Due to the lack of available space and higher site prices nearer to urban areas, land is used more intensively.

Question 19

Explain your understanding of the term intensive land use.

Answer 19

Building upwards instead of building outwards.

Question 20

What were nomads?

Answer 20

Nomad had no permanent home and often travelled seasonally in search of food and land for pasture