Climate

Question 1

Where are hot climates found?

Answer 1

Hot climates are found in areas with a latitude of approximately 0–30° north and south of the equator.

Question 2

What are the types of hot climate?

Answer 2

There are three types of hot climate located at these latitudes:
• Equatorial
• Savanna
• Hot desert

Question 3

Explain equatorial hot climates.

Answer 3

Constant high temperatures all year round (26-29 Degrees Celsius). It rains most days and rainforests thrive in these hot, wet and humid conditions. There is a variety of wildlife such as spider monkeys, parrots and iguanas. E.g. Amazon rainforest, South America

Question 4

Explain savanna hot climates.

Answer 4

Dry season lasts 4-6 months, while wet season lasts 6-8 months. Very little rain in the dry season but the wet season encourages vegetation growth. Vegetation has adapted to having very little water. Animals include elephants, wildebeest and cheetahs. Animals migrate in search of food and water throughout the seasons. E.g. Serengeti, Tanzania

Question 5

Explain hot desert hot climates.

Answer 5

High daytime temperature but cold nighttime temperature that can sometimes drop to 0°C. There is little to no rainfall. Vegetation has adapted to the climate. Plants store water and have deep roots to reach water. Many animal are nocturnal or active at night as it is cooler. Camels and snakes can be found here. E.g. Sahara, Africa

Question 6

Where are temperate climates found?

Answer 6

Temperate climates are found in areas referred to as the mid-latitudes, located 30–60° north and south of the equator. There are two types of temperate climates:
• Cool temperate oceanic
• Warm temperate oceanic (Mediterranean)

Question 7

Explain cool temperate oceanic climates.

Answer 7

There are four seasons. Generally a warm summer and mild winter. Rainfall occurs throughout the year. Healthy grass growth and deciduous and coniferous trees are abundant. Deer, owls and butterflies can be found. E.g. Ireland

Question 8

Explain warm temperate oceanic climates

Answer 8

Two seasons: Hot dry summer, mild wet winter. Dry summer can lead to drought while winter months are generally mild and wet. Vegetation is mostly by evergreen conifers and fruit trees e.g. citrus trees. Lynx, vultures and beetles can be found. E.g. Mediterranean region

Question 9

Where are cold climates located?

Answer 9

Cold climates are located above temperate zones in the northern hemisphere, and below temperate zones in the southern hemisphere.
There are two types of cold climates located from 55° north and south of the equator, stretching towards the North and South Poles at 90°:
• Boreal
• Tundra

Question 10

Explain Boreal cold climates.

Answer 10

Boreal climates have four seasons. Mild summer with long days, and an average temperature of 15°C. The cold winter has really short, dark days, with an average temperature of -18°C. Rainfall is low but snowfall is heavy in this area. Landscape is largely forest, rolling hills, lakes and thin frozen soils. Evergreen forestry (taiga) includes pine, aspen, spruce. Brown bears, wolves and beavers can be found in these areas. E.g. Alaska

Question 11

Explain Tundra cold climates

Answer 11

Cold or frozen most the year (6-10 months). Two seasons: Cold summer, average temperature of 3 to 12°C and a cold winter, average temperature of -34°C. Snow is the main form of precipitation. Heavy snowfall occurs in the winter months. Short growing season. plants have adapted to survive the cold conditions of this climate. Artic hares, foxes and owls can be found here. Many animals and birds have white fur to camouflage. E.g. Arctic