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PPL Teeteeb & Bob-Bob > Weather > Flashcards

Weather Flashcards

1
Q

What is pressure altitude? What’s the formula to calculate it?

A

field elevation corrected for nonstandard pressure

Pressure alt = field elev + (29.92 - current altimeter setting)1000

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2
Q

What is density altitude? What’s the formula to calculate it?

A

thickness of air. Pressure alt corrected for non standard temp

Density alt = pressure alt + (OAT-ISA temp)120
(ISA should be corrected for elevation so 13 celcius for MSN)

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3
Q

What is ISA?

A

international standard atmosphere

15 celcius at sea level
-2 per 1000 msl (mean sea level)
So madison is 13 celcius

Altimeter 29.92 in hg (or 1013 mBar)

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4
Q

1 in hg pressure change = ___ ft elevation

A

Pressure drops by 1 in hg for every 1000 ft elevation

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5
Q

SKC

A

0 of 8 pie slices have clouds

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6
Q

BKN

A

5-7 of 8 pie slices have clouds

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7
Q

SCT

A

3-4 of 8 pie slices have clouds

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8
Q

OVC

A

8 of 8 pie slices have clouds

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9
Q

FEW

A

1-2 of 8 pie slices have clouds

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10
Q

Name the 3 weather cells from equator to pole

A

Hadley cell, Ferrell cell, Polar cell

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11
Q

Cold air hits warm

A

Warm air rapidly forced up, bad weather results

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12
Q

Warm air hits cold

A

Warm air rises gradually and condenses, resulting in slow steady rain

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13
Q

What are the 4 types of air?

A

mP polar maritime
cP polar continental (arctic)
mT tropical maritime
cT tropical continental

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14
Q

High pressure caused by

A

Colliding air

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15
Q

Low pressure caused by

A

Splitting air

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16
Q

What direction do hi and low pressure areas spin?

A

Hi - clockwise
Low - counterclockwise
(cap analogy)

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17
Q

Temperature drops ___ degrees every 1000’

A

2 degrees

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18
Q

3 ingredients for bad weather are:

A
  1. Moisture
  2. Lifting mechanism - mountain, cold front, bluffs, tractor
  3. Unstable air - every 1000’ AGL, 2 deg colder. Instability caused by mixing air due to different temps in the layers
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19
Q

Low clouds: altitude and summary

A

Low <6k ft
Small clouds, not much rain

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20
Q

Middle clouds: altitude and summary

A

Mid 6k-20k ft
Rain

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21
Q

High clouds: altitude

A

High >20k ft

22
Q

What’s a dry line?

A

Line between dry and moist air that pushes moist air up.

23
Q

Radiation Fog

A

Heat radiating out. Clear night with no clouds - earth’s surface is giving off heat. This fog happens right on the ground.

24
Q

Advection Fog

A

Sideways movement of air from water onto land in the morning

25
Q

Upslope Fog

A

Wind pushes air up mountain, pressure drops causing the air to cool adiabatically

26
Q

Steam Fog

A

Cold air hits warm water, water steams up into air

27
Q

When the METAR says RMK, it means ___

A

remark

28
Q

When the METAR says RAB, it means ___

A

rain began

29
Q

Cumulus

A

Any altitude, cotton ball clumped

30
Q

Stratus

A

Layers

31
Q

Cirrus

A

High altitude, no rain

32
Q

Nimbus

A

Moist - rain

33
Q

Cumulonimbus

A

Most likely to rain

34
Q

VFR: color, ceiling, visibility

A

Green
Ceiling >3k AGL
Visibility >5 sm

35
Q

IFR: color, ceiling, visibility

A

Red
Ceiling 500-1k AGL
Visibility 1-3 sm

36
Q

mVFR: color, ceiling, visibility

A

Blue
Ceiling 1-3k AGL
Visibility 3-5 sm

37
Q

lIFR: color, ceiling, visibility

A

Magenta
Ceiling <500 AGL
Visibility <1 sm

38
Q

When does your altimeter lie to you?

A

High to low, hot to cold, watch out below.

39
Q

Density affects ___ and pressure affects ___

A

Airspeed indication, altitude indication

40
Q

What services do FSS provide?

A

Weather briefings

enroute weather

recieve and process flight plans

handle PIREPS

relay clearances

issue NOTAMS

41
Q

WFO (Weather forcast office)

A

Issues TAFs

(some) issues weather warnings & soaring forcasts

42
Q

What services does the AWC provide?

A

AIRMETs

SIGMETs + convective

Area forcasts (FA)

Significant weather Prog charts

more random shit

43
Q

What do standard briefings contain?

A

Adverse conditions

VNR (VFR not recommended)

Synopsis (overview)

Current conditions (unless departure is more that 2 hours out)

En route forcast

Destination forcast

Winds aloft

NOTAMs

SFRA (prohibited areas & special flight rules areas)

ATC delays

RAIM availability (if requested)

44
Q

When is an outlook briefing appropriate?

A

When departure is 6+ hours away

45
Q

When is an abbreviated briefing appropriate?

A

When departure has been delayed

46
Q

How do you recieve an in-flight weather briefing?

A

Contact flight service via a frequency found in a VOR box or RCO frequency. Initial call should include tail number and frequency listening on. R next to frequency means it is recieve only so you may have to listen for a responce on the VOR frequency.

47
Q

Internet briefings

A

DUATS II (direct user access terminal) Allows anyone to access AWC weather or file flight plans www.duatsii.com or www.duats.com or www.1800wxbrief.com

ADDS (aviation digital data service) FAA, NOAA & NCAR service, provides forecasts & observations

48
Q

TIBS (telephone information briefing service)

A

Prepared by flight service

Provides area & route briefings

Airspace procedures

Special announcements

49
Q

HIWAS (hazardous in-flight weather advisory)

A

Continuous weather info broadcasted over selected NAVAIDS

Includes-

AIRMETs

SIGMETs + convective

Urgent PIREPS

50
Q

FIS-B (flight information service - broadcast)

A

Ground based broadcast provided by ADSB

Properly equipped aircraft can access datalink weather info for recent conditions

PPL Teeteeb & Bob-Bob (14 decks)

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