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WBC Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

WBC

Normal Range

A
  • 6,000-16,000 / uL
  • Absolute vs %
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2
Q

Blood Smear WBC Count

A
  • Normal: 10-30 WBCs per x10 counting field
  • # (average) x 10 = WBCs /uL
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3
Q

Leukocytosis

A
  • Elevated WBC count
  • Sign of infection
  • Differential to better diagnose
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4
Q

Leukopenia

A

Decrease in WBC

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5
Q

WBC Differentials

A
  • Count 100 WBC
  • Group each type found
  • This gives the WBC percent
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6
Q

Absolute WBC

A

% on count x total WBC count
* turn % into decimal
* answer in /uL
* most important value

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7
Q

WBC Count Corrected for nRBC

A

(WBC Count x 100) / (100 + nRBC Count)
* do when more than 5 nRBC
* use this new WBC count for absolute value

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8
Q

Granulocytes

Which Cells

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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9
Q

Agranulocytes

Which Cells

A
  • Lymphocytes
  • Monocytes
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10
Q

WBC Maturation

A
  • Myeloblasts
  • Promyelocyte
  • Myelocyte
  • Metamyelocyte
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11
Q

Metamyelocyte

A
  • Stage where WBC diferentials branch off (N, B, E)
  • Can be found in circulation in severe infection / inflammation
  • Kidney-bean shapped
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12
Q

Neutrophils

A
  • Most circulating WBC
  • First line of defense
  • Phagocytosis
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13
Q

Neutrophil Normal Range

A

3,000 - 11,300 /uL

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14
Q

Segmented vs Banded Neutrophils

A
  • Segmented = most mature
  • Band = immature
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15
Q

Banded Normal Range

A

0 - 400 /uL
* left shift when >500 /uL

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16
Q

Segmented Neutrophils

A

Most abundant WBC in domestic species (except ruminants)
* when in doubt, assume segmented

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17
Q

Banded Neutrophils

A
  • Same width throughout entire nucleus
  • Only see with leukocytosis
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18
Q

Neutrophilia

A
  • High neutrophil count
  • Acute inflammation
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19
Q

Neutropenia

A
  • Low neutrophil count
  • Severe infection
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20
Q

Neutrophilia w/ Left Shift

A
  • Bone marrow releases bands to meet demands
  • Segs > Bands
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21
Q

Neutropenia w/ Degenerative Left Shift

A
  • Bands > Segmented
  • Poor Prognosis
  • May see Metamyelocytes
22
Q
A

Neutrophils

23
Q

SMILED

A

When stressed, you should smile
* Segs and
* Monos
* Increased
* Lymphs and
* Eosins
* Decreased

24
Q

Lymphocytes

A
  • Immune function
  • Second most common WBC
25
Q

Lymphocyte vs Reticulocyte

A

Reticulocyte
* more cytoplasm
* denser, smaller nucleus

26
Q

Lymphocyte Normal Range

A

1,000 - 4,800 /uL

27
Q

Lymphocytosis

A
  • Increased lymphocyte count
  • Vaccinations or Viral response
  • May see with young animals (immunity)
28
Q

Lymphopenia

A
  • Decreased lymphocyte count
  • Stress
29
Q
A

Lymphocytes

30
Q

Monocytes

A
  • Largest WBC
  • Phagocytosis
  • Macrophages when in tissue
31
Q

Monocyte Normal Range

A

200 - 1,300 /uL

32
Q

Monocytosis

A
  • Increased monocyte count
  • Chronic inflammation
33
Q
34
Q

Eosinophils

A
  • Important in hypersensitivity reactions and parasite infections
  • Modulation of immune system
  • Phagocytosis
35
Q

Eosinophils

Granual Shapes

A
  • Pink coloration
  • Dogs: round shaped
  • Cats: rod shaped (fills cytoplasm)
  • Greyhounds don’t stain
36
Q

Eosinophil Normal Range

A

100 - 750 /uL

37
Q

Eosinophilia

A
  • Increased eosinophils
  • Allergies, Fleas, HW
38
Q

Eosinopenia

A
  • Low eosinophil count
  • Stress or Steroids
39
Q
A

Eosinophils

40
Q

Basophils

A
  • Important in hypersensitivity reactions and parasite infections
  • Not commonly seen
41
Q

Basophil Normal Range

A

0 - 30 /uL

42
Q

Basophilia

A
  • Increased basophil count
  • Parasites and Allergies
43
Q
44
Q

Pelger-Huet Anomaly

A
  • Nuclear hyposegmentation
  • Common in Aussies
  • Chromatin still condensed
  • Look like bands - nucleus looks mature, darker
45
Q

Nuclear Hypersegmentation

A
  • Nucleus with >5 segments
  • Caused by aging of neutrophil - stress or prolonged storage
  • Report only if seeing lots
46
Q

Toxic Change Cause

A
  • Inflammation
  • Infection (bacterial)
  • Drug toxicity
47
Q

Toxic Change

Appearance

A
  • Neutrophil with basophilic cytoplasm
  • Dohle bodies
  • “foaminess”
48
Q

Dohle Bodies

A

Small clumps of gray-blue areas within cytoplasm (ribosomes)

49
Q

Siderotic Granules

A
  • RBC - may look like stain artifacts or Dohle Bodies
  • Use Prussian Blue stain to differentiate
50
Q

Siderotic Granules Cause

51
Q
A

Siderotic Granules

Blood (11 decks)

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