WBC count Flashcards

1
Q

cellular marker on hematopoietic stem cell

A

CD34+

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2
Q

two types of stem cells produced by hematopoietic stem cell

A

myeloid, lymphoid

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3
Q

type of cells produced by lymphoid stem cells

A

B lymphoblast –> naive B cell –> plasma cell

T lymphoblast –> naive T cell –> CD8+ or CD4+ T cells

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4
Q

type of cells produced by myeloid stem cell

A

erythroblast –> RBC
myeloblast –> granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils)
monoblast –> monocytes
megakaryoblast –> megakaryocytes

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5
Q

normal WBC count

A

5-10K

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6
Q

WBC in leukopenia

A

< 5000

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7
Q

WBC in leukocytosis

A

> 10,000

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8
Q

classic causes of neutropenia

A
drug toxicity (e.g. chemotherapy - stop rapidly dividing cells, including neutrophils)
severe infection (neutrophils have moved out of the blood into tissue)
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9
Q

cell type most sensitive to whole body radiation

A

lymphocytes

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10
Q

definition of “left shift”

A

increased immature neutrophils circulating in blood

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11
Q

marker of immature blood cells

A

decreased CD16 (Fc receptor)

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12
Q

what is the mechanism of eosinophilia in hodgkins lymphoma?

A

increased IL-5 production

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13
Q

classic causes of basophilia

A

CML

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14
Q

classic associations with lymphocytic leukocytosis

A
viral infections
bordetella pertussis (bacterial)
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15
Q

mechanism by which bordetella pertussis causes lymphocytic leukocytosis

A

lymphocytosis-promoting factor - blocks lymphocytes from leaving blood and entering lymph nodes

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16
Q

viral cause of lymphocytic leukocytosis comprised of CD8+ T cells

A

EBV (infectious mononucleosis)

17
Q

2 causes of infectious mononucleosis

A

EBV (most common cause)

CMV

18
Q

3 tissues that EBV primarily infects

A

oropharynx (sore throat)
liver (hepatitis)
B cells

19
Q

clinical results of CD8+ T cell response to EBV infections

A

generalized lymphadenopathy (LAD)
splenomegaly
high WBC count with atypical lymphocytes (reactive CD8+ T cells)

20
Q

what area of the lymph node is hypertrophied in LAD caused by EBV infection

A

paracortex

21
Q

which area of spleen is hypertrophied in EBV infection

A

white pulp - periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS)

22
Q

screening test for mononucleosis

A

monospot

23
Q

what is detected by monospot test

A

IgM heterophile antibodies

24
Q

how long does it take for monospot to be positive

A

1 week

25
Q

complication of mononucleosis

A

splenic rupture (advise to avoid contact sports for next year)

26
Q

what drug can cause a rash in patients with mononucleosus

A

penicillin

27
Q

what are the possible consequences of dormant EBV virus in B cells

A

recurrence of infectious mononucleosis

development of lymphoma

28
Q

what type of white blood cell change results from bacterial infection?

A

neutrophilic leukocytosis

29
Q

WBC disorder associated with eosinophilia

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma