WBC count

Question 1

cellular marker on hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 1

CD34+

Question 2

two types of stem cells produced by hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 2

myeloid, lymphoid

Question 3

type of cells produced by lymphoid stem cells

Answer 3

B lymphoblast –> naive B cell –> plasma cell

T lymphoblast –> naive T cell –> CD8+ or CD4+ T cells

Question 4

type of cells produced by myeloid stem cell

Answer 4

erythroblast –> RBC
myeloblast –> granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils)
monoblast –> monocytes
megakaryoblast –> megakaryocytes

Question 5

normal WBC count

Answer 5

5-10K

Question 6

WBC in leukopenia

Answer 6

< 5000

Question 7

WBC in leukocytosis

Answer 7

> 10,000

Question 8

classic causes of neutropenia

Answer 8

drug toxicity (e.g. chemotherapy - stop rapidly dividing cells, including neutrophils)
severe infection (neutrophils have moved out of the blood into tissue)

Question 9

cell type most sensitive to whole body radiation

Answer 9

lymphocytes

Question 10

definition of “left shift”

Answer 10

increased immature neutrophils circulating in blood

Question 11

marker of immature blood cells

Answer 11

decreased CD16 (Fc receptor)

Question 12

what is the mechanism of eosinophilia in hodgkins lymphoma?

Answer 12

increased IL-5 production

Question 13

classic causes of basophilia

Answer 13

CML

Question 14

classic associations with lymphocytic leukocytosis

Answer 14

viral infections
bordetella pertussis (bacterial)

Question 15

mechanism by which bordetella pertussis causes lymphocytic leukocytosis

Answer 15

lymphocytosis-promoting factor - blocks lymphocytes from leaving blood and entering lymph nodes

Question 16

viral cause of lymphocytic leukocytosis comprised of CD8+ T cells

Answer 16

EBV (infectious mononucleosis)

Question 17

2 causes of infectious mononucleosis

Answer 17

EBV (most common cause)

CMV

Question 18

3 tissues that EBV primarily infects

Answer 18

oropharynx (sore throat)
liver (hepatitis)
B cells

Question 19

clinical results of CD8+ T cell response to EBV infections

Answer 19

generalized lymphadenopathy (LAD)
splenomegaly
high WBC count with atypical lymphocytes (reactive CD8+ T cells)

Question 20

what area of the lymph node is hypertrophied in LAD caused by EBV infection

Answer 20

paracortex

Question 21

which area of spleen is hypertrophied in EBV infection

Answer 21

white pulp - periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS)

Question 22

screening test for mononucleosis

Answer 22

monospot

Question 23

what is detected by monospot test

Answer 23

IgM heterophile antibodies

Question 24

how long does it take for monospot to be positive

Answer 24

1 week

Question 25

complication of mononucleosis

Answer 25

splenic rupture (advise to avoid contact sports for next year)

Question 26

what drug can cause a rash in patients with mononucleosus

Answer 26

penicillin

Question 27

what are the possible consequences of dormant EBV virus in B cells

Answer 27

recurrence of infectious mononucleosis | development of lymphoma

Question 28

what type of white blood cell change results from bacterial infection?

Answer 28

neutrophilic leukocytosis

Question 29

WBC disorder associated with eosinophilia

Answer 29

Hodgkins Lymphoma