Acute Leukemia Flashcards
acute leukemia definition
> 20% blasts in bone marrow
key marker for lymphoblast
TdT+ in nucleus (DNA polymerase)
key marker for myeloblast
Myeloperoxidase (MPO+)
auer rod
crystalization of myeloperoxidase
what is the most common type of ALL?
B-ALL
what surface markers are used to distinguish B-ALL from T-ALL?
CD-10, CD-19, CD-20
cytogenic abnormality more commonly seen in kids with ALL, good prognosis
t(12;21)
cytogenic abnormality more commonly seen in adults with ALL and CML, poor prognosis
t(9;22) aka Ph+ ALL
what surface markers are expressed in T-ALL?
CD2-CD8, NOT CD10
presentation of T-ALL
thymic mass in teenager (acute lymphoblastic lymphoma)
diagnosis associated with auer rods
AML
type of leukemia with t(15;17)
acute promyelocytic leukemia
what cellular disruption is caused by the t(15;17)
retinoic acid receptor –> cells can’t mature so promyelocytes accumulate
this type of leukemia can contain multiple auer rods
acute promyelocytic leukemia
this type of leukemia is considered a medical emergency due to possibility of DIC
acute promyelocytic leukemia
treatment for acute promyeloctic leukemia
ATRA - causes blasts to mature
proliferation of monoblasts, lack MPO
acute monocytic leukemia
proliferation of megakaryoblasts, lack MPO
acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
type of leukemia that typically infiltrates the gums
acute monocytic leukemia
type of leukemia associated with Down syndrome before the age of 5
acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
type of leukemia associated with Down syndrome after the age of 5
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
this type of leukemia can develop from pre-existing dysplasia due to exposure to alkylating agents or radiotherapy
AML
cytopenias with hypercellular bone marrow leading to increased blasts (<20%)
myelodysplastic syndrome
> 20% blasts in bone marrow
acute leukemia
