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Heme-Onc > Acute Leukemia > Flashcards

Acute Leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

acute leukemia definition

A

> 20% blasts in bone marrow

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2
Q

key marker for lymphoblast

A

TdT+ in nucleus (DNA polymerase)

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3
Q

key marker for myeloblast

A

Myeloperoxidase (MPO+)

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4
Q

auer rod

A

crystalization of myeloperoxidase

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5
Q

what is the most common type of ALL?

A

B-ALL

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6
Q

what surface markers are used to distinguish B-ALL from T-ALL?

A

CD-10, CD-19, CD-20

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7
Q

cytogenic abnormality more commonly seen in kids with ALL, good prognosis

A

t(12;21)

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8
Q

cytogenic abnormality more commonly seen in adults with ALL and CML, poor prognosis

A

t(9;22) aka Ph+ ALL

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9
Q

what surface markers are expressed in T-ALL?

A

CD2-CD8, NOT CD10

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10
Q

presentation of T-ALL

A

thymic mass in teenager (acute lymphoblastic lymphoma)

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11
Q

diagnosis associated with auer rods

A

AML

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12
Q

type of leukemia with t(15;17)

A

acute promyelocytic leukemia

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13
Q

what cellular disruption is caused by the t(15;17)

A

retinoic acid receptor –> cells can’t mature so promyelocytes accumulate

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14
Q

this type of leukemia can contain multiple auer rods

A

acute promyelocytic leukemia

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15
Q

this type of leukemia is considered a medical emergency due to possibility of DIC

A

acute promyelocytic leukemia

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16
Q

treatment for acute promyeloctic leukemia

A

ATRA - causes blasts to mature

17
Q

proliferation of monoblasts, lack MPO

A

acute monocytic leukemia

18
Q

proliferation of megakaryoblasts, lack MPO

A

acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

19
Q

type of leukemia that typically infiltrates the gums

A

acute monocytic leukemia

20
Q

type of leukemia associated with Down syndrome before the age of 5

A

acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

21
Q

type of leukemia associated with Down syndrome after the age of 5

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

22
Q

this type of leukemia can develop from pre-existing dysplasia due to exposure to alkylating agents or radiotherapy

A

AML

23
Q

cytopenias with hypercellular bone marrow leading to increased blasts (<20%)

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

24
Q

> 20% blasts in bone marrow

A

acute leukemia

25
Q

large, immature (not much cytoplasm) WBCs with punched-out nucleolus

A

blasts (lymphoblasts or myeloblasts)

26
Q

what is the cellular role of TdT?

A

DNA polymerase

27
Q

what is the cellular role of TdT?

A

DNA polymerase

28
Q

cells with surface markers CD2-CD8 and no CD-10

A

T-lymphoblasts

29
Q

leukemia associated with t(12;21)

A

ALL in kids (good prognosis)

30
Q

leukemia associated with t(12;21)

A

ALL in kids (good prognosis)

31
Q

leukemia associated with t(9;22)

A

CML, ALL (adults)

32
Q

leukemia that presents with thymic mass in teenager

A

T-cell, acute lymphoblastic lymphoma

Heme-Onc (11 decks)

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