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Heme-Onc > Oncogenes > Flashcards

Oncogenes Flashcards

1
Q

astrocytoma is caused by overexpression of this growth factor

A

PDGFB (platelet-derived growth factor B)

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2
Q

cancer associated with PDGFB

A

astrocytoma

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3
Q

mechanism by which PDGFB causes astrocytoma

A

autocrine loop (produces the GF that its receptors respond to)

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4
Q

epidermal growth factor receptor that is amplified in certain types of breast cancer

A

ERBB2, aka HER2/neu

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5
Q

cancer associated with HER2/neu

A

breast cancer

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6
Q

mechanism by which Her2/neu mutation causes breast cancer

A

amplification of GF signal

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7
Q

cancer associated with RET

A

medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MEN2A, MES2B, sporadic)

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8
Q

neural growth factor associated with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid

A

RET

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9
Q

cancer associated with KIT

A

gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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10
Q

stem cell growth factor receptor associated with GI stromal tumor

A

KIT

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11
Q

cancer associated with RAS gene family (signal transducer)

A

carcinomas, melanoma, lymphoma

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12
Q

Which GTP-binding protein is associated with multiple cancer types?

A

RAS

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13
Q

cancer associated with ABL

A

CML and some types of ALL

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14
Q

What is the normal function of ABL?

A

tyrosine kinase, signal transducer

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15
Q

What is the normal function of RAS?

A

GTP-binding protein, signal transducer

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16
Q

What is the normal function of ERBB2 (HER2/neu)?

A

growth factor receptor

17
Q

What is the normal function of KIT?

A

stem cell GF receptor

18
Q

What is the normal function of RET?

A

neural GF receptor

19
Q

mechansim by which ABL gene causes CML

A

9:22 translocation (Philadelphia chromosome)

20
Q

cancer associated with c-MYC

A

burkitt lymphoma

21
Q

cancer associated with N-MYC

A

neuroblastoma

22
Q

cancer associated with L-MYC

A

lung carcinoma (small cell)

23
Q

normal function of MYC proteins

A

transcription factor

24
Q

mechanism that causes Burkitt Lymphoma

A

translocation between chromosomes 8 (MYC) and 14 (IgH) –> MYC is constitutively active –> overgrowth of cells

25
Q

cancer associated with cyclin D1

A

mantle cell lymphoma

26
Q

mechanism that causes mantle cell lymphoma

A

translocation between 11 (cyclin D) and 14 (IgH)

27
Q

normal function of cyclin D

A

permits G1–>S transition

28
Q

cancer associated with translocation between 11 and 14

A

mantle cell lymphoma

29
Q

cancer associated with 8:14 translocation

A

burkitt lymphoma

30
Q

cancer associated with CDK4 amplification

A

melanoma

Heme-Onc (11 decks)

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