Oncogenes Flashcards
astrocytoma is caused by overexpression of this growth factor
PDGFB (platelet-derived growth factor B)
cancer associated with PDGFB
astrocytoma
mechanism by which PDGFB causes astrocytoma
autocrine loop (produces the GF that its receptors respond to)
epidermal growth factor receptor that is amplified in certain types of breast cancer
ERBB2, aka HER2/neu
cancer associated with HER2/neu
breast cancer
mechanism by which Her2/neu mutation causes breast cancer
amplification of GF signal
cancer associated with RET
medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MEN2A, MES2B, sporadic)
neural growth factor associated with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
RET
cancer associated with KIT
gastrointestinal stromal tumor
stem cell growth factor receptor associated with GI stromal tumor
KIT
cancer associated with RAS gene family (signal transducer)
carcinomas, melanoma, lymphoma
Which GTP-binding protein is associated with multiple cancer types?
RAS
cancer associated with ABL
CML and some types of ALL
What is the normal function of ABL?
tyrosine kinase, signal transducer
What is the normal function of RAS?
GTP-binding protein, signal transducer
What is the normal function of ERBB2 (HER2/neu)?
growth factor receptor
What is the normal function of KIT?
stem cell GF receptor
What is the normal function of RET?
neural GF receptor
mechansim by which ABL gene causes CML
9:22 translocation (Philadelphia chromosome)
cancer associated with c-MYC
burkitt lymphoma
cancer associated with N-MYC
neuroblastoma
cancer associated with L-MYC
lung carcinoma (small cell)
normal function of MYC proteins
transcription factor
mechanism that causes Burkitt Lymphoma
translocation between chromosomes 8 (MYC) and 14 (IgH) –> MYC is constitutively active –> overgrowth of cells
