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Hematology > Wbc > Flashcards

Wbc Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two agranulocyte

A

Lymphocyte, monocyte

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2
Q

What is the function of the neutrophil

A

First responder against microbes

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3
Q

What does neutrophils in tissue cause

A

Pus

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4
Q

When neutrophils leave circulation how long did they stay in blood

A

10 hours then go into tissues

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5
Q

How long do neutrophils survive in tissues

A

1 to 4 days then undergo apoptosis

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6
Q

What can cause prolonged neutrophil lifespan

A

Cushing’s disease or steroid therapy

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7
Q

How Do neutrophils migrate to tissue

A

Diapedesis

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8
Q

How do dogs react

A

Physiologic neutrophilia

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9
Q

How do cats react

A

Physiologic lymphocytosis

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10
Q

What are the signs of a regenerative left shift

A

Leukocytosis and more mature neutrophils then immature

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11
Q

What are the signs of a degenerative left shift

A

Child soldiers. Less mature than immature and a leukopenia

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12
Q

What are the names of the immature neutrophils

A

Band neutrophils, myelocyte, metamyelocyte

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13
Q

What is a hypersegmented neutrophils

A

Neutrophil with five or more lobes

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14
Q

What are five types of toxic neutrophil

A

Cytoplasmic basophilia, cytoplasmic vacuolation, Dohle bodies, cytoplasmic granulation, Bizzarre nuclear configuration

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15
Q

What are Dohle bodies

A

Basophilic leftover endoplasmic reticulum. We see them when there is a rapid turnover of cells. Often seen together with toxic granulation

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16
Q

What is toxic granulation

A

Found in severe inflammatory states. Thought to be due to impaired cytoplasmic maturation in effort to rapidly generate large numbers of granulocytes

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17
Q

What are some intracytoplasmic inclusions in the neutrophil due to

A

Canine distemper. Ehrlichia

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18
Q

What is Peter huet anomolye

A

Hypersegmentation of all granuolocytic nuclei

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19
Q

What is chediak higashi syndrome

A

Inherited disease

Fused granules

20
Q

What is the Birman cat neutrophil anomaly

A

Neutrophils have eosinophilic granules

21
Q

What is pelger huet anomaly

A

Is inherited as an incomplete dominant. Homozygous usually die in utero. Mainly in Australian shepherd

22
Q

What are 3 causes of neutrophilia p

A

Physiologic or epinephrine induced
Corticosteroids or stress induced
Acute inflammation

23
Q

What is neutrophilia

A

Counts exceed 12,000-13,000/ul

24
Q

What is neutropenia

A

In dogs and cats, when the absolute count is less than 3000-4000 ul

25
Q

How long does it take for bone marrow to generate an eosinophil

A

5-7 days

26
Q

What are the functions of eosinophils

A

Systemic hypersensitivity reactions

Elimination of parasites

27
Q

When do you see eosinopenia

A

When cortisol reduces the eosinophils

28
Q

How long do basophils circulate the blood

A

For a few hours

29
Q

How long do basophils live in the tissues

A

For a few weeks

30
Q

What do basophil granules contain

A

histamine and heparin

31
Q

what are monocytes

A

released into peripheral blood as immature cells and are transported to tissues where they can differentiate into macrophages, epitheloid cells, multinucleated inflammatory cells

32
Q

what are the functions of the macrophages

A

phagocytosis
inflammatory response
antigen processing
regulation of body iron stores

33
Q

monocytosis indicates

A

presence of inflammation
demand for phagocytosis
tissue necrosis
chronic inflammation

34
Q

What are the three types of granulocytes

A

Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils

35
Q

What is the percent division of lymphocytes

A

70% Are T-lymphocytes and 30% are B lymphocytes

36
Q

Are the two different types of lymphocytes distinguishable on the smear

A

No it is indistinguishable

37
Q

What is the function of the lymphocyte

A

They’re the cells of the specific immune system

38
Q

What do b- lymphocytes differentiate into

A

Into plasma cells which produce antibodies (humoral immunity)

39
Q

What do T lymphocytes do

A

Responsible for cellular immunity through the formation and release of molecules known as cytokines

40
Q

What is lymphopenia

A

Reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes

41
Q

What is lymphopenia caused by

A

Viral infections, high circulating levels of glucocorticoids, cancer

42
Q

What is physiologic lymphocytosis in cats cause by

A

Excitement

43
Q

What is lymphocytosis do to antigenic stimulation

A

When inflammatory conditions are often associated with antigenic stimulation lymphocytosis an elevated globulins may result

44
Q

What is lymphocytosis generally accompanied by

A

Marked non-regenerative anemia. Thrombocytopenia, neutropenia.

45
Q

Describe atypical lymphocytes

A

Abnormal finding present in both infectious and neoplastic diseases

Hematology (15 decks)

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