Biovet case questions Flashcards
What are the RBC indices in english/french
MCV, MCHC, MCH,
VGM, TGMH, CGMH
How can you tell if an anemia is regenerative or not
reticulocytes
what does 2+ polychromasia present as
3-7%
Which early Rbc is before a metarubricyte
rubricyte
what does alt evaluate
liver function
what tests evaluate kidney function
creatinine, urea, phosphorus
Which wbc would you expect to be elevated in a heart worm case
eosinophils because they are released when there are parasites
why would you see echinocytes
poor collection techniques, or real due to diabetes/dehydration
what is an antigen test for heartworm
elisa, snap 4DX
List all the electrolytes tested in the biochem profile
phos, calcium, potassium, sodium, chloride
list 2 biochem results that evaluate the liver
ALT, ALP
What are the 2 plasma proteins
albumin, globulin
If you have lymphoma why would you have non-regenerative anemia
because the cancer is affecting his bone marrow so reticulocytes are not being made
what are the 3 ways that cancer lymphocytes are different
lacy nuclear chromatin, prominent large nucleoli, variable sized nucleus
what is the term for elevated wbc
leukocytosis
what is the term for elevated monocyte count
monocytosis
what is the term for low eosinophil count
eosinopenia
what electrolyte is often elevated with lymphoma
calcium
what can cause an increase in urea
dehydration
why does globulin elevate
inflammation
how is it possible that an animal may be more anemic then their rbc values suggest
due to dehydration
what does increased cortisone do to the wbc
decrease eosinophils
increase neutrophils
what are the three types of leukograms
excitement, stress, left shift
when is pyometra the most likely to occur
4 months after heat
how do you treat pyometra
removal of uterus
what are the 2 general types of pyometra
open and closed
what are codocytes
rbc deformities due to the cell membrane
what are the two types of codocytes
target cells and stomatocytes
what type of stain is the new methlyne blue stain
it is a supra vital stain used to stain reticulocytes
what is syncope
fainting
why would you see band neutrophils
due to mild left shift
what is AIHA
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
what is a polychromatophil
a young/degenerated rbc that stains with an acid, neutral or basic dye
what is a reticulocyte
an immature RBC
How is a reticulocyte different from a polychromatophil
a polychromatophil is a prematurely released RBC whereas a reticulocyte is an immature rbc
why do we see spherocytes
caused by AIHA
Why does a sphericity look hyperchromic
damage to cell membrane, same concentration of hemoglobin in a smaller package.
Spherocytes are considered a hallmark of which disease
AIHA
What is pelger huet
a genetic disorder
what does pelger huet do to the neutrophils
cause them to be band
What defines an inflammatory leukogram
increase in neutrophils, decrease in lymphocytes and increase in non segmented neutrophils
how can you tell if it is a recent abscess or chronic
increase in neutrophils, also increase in globulin
how can you tell if something is a chronic infection
monocytosis. if monocytosis is absent then its acute
why can TP be elevated
dehydration, inflammation
what liver test is used in dogs and cats and not in cows
ALT
what liver test is used in the cow but is not in the biovet cat/dog profiles
AST
What can elevated AST also be caused by
muscular damage
a deficiency of this mineral _____ causes grass tetany in cattle
magnesium
why would a horse have a low blood glucose value
the cells use it
what vacutainer can be used to avoid false blood glucose values
grey
why can an animal present as a false hypothyroid
chronic disease can cause a hypothyroid presentation
why can you see echinocytes and rouleaux
echinocytes: dehydration
rouleaux: critical sickness
what is hemangiosarcoma
cancer of the blood vessels
what results in the biochem would support blood loss
decreased erythrocytes
what is hematochezia
bloody stool
in a 3 month old puppy what parasite can cause hematochezia
giardia
what is the significance of elevated CK
muscle damage
what are heinz bodies
denatured hemoglobin
what biochem tests are evaluated in pancreatitis
amylase, lipase
which biochem test is elevated in hypothyroidism in the dog
cholesterol
what 2 biochem tests could be used to determine whether the cat is diabetic or not
fructosamine or glycoslated hemoglobin
