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Hematology > Biovet case questions > Flashcards

Biovet case questions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the RBC indices in english/french

A

MCV, MCHC, MCH,

VGM, TGMH, CGMH

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2
Q

How can you tell if an anemia is regenerative or not

A

reticulocytes

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3
Q

what does 2+ polychromasia present as

A

3-7%

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4
Q

Which early Rbc is before a metarubricyte

A

rubricyte

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5
Q

what does alt evaluate

A

liver function

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6
Q

what tests evaluate kidney function

A

creatinine, urea, phosphorus

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7
Q

Which wbc would you expect to be elevated in a heart worm case

A

eosinophils because they are released when there are parasites

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8
Q

why would you see echinocytes

A

poor collection techniques, or real due to diabetes/dehydration

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9
Q

what is an antigen test for heartworm

A

elisa, snap 4DX

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10
Q

List all the electrolytes tested in the biochem profile

A

phos, calcium, potassium, sodium, chloride

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11
Q

list 2 biochem results that evaluate the liver

A

ALT, ALP

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12
Q

What are the 2 plasma proteins

A

albumin, globulin

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13
Q

If you have lymphoma why would you have non-regenerative anemia

A

because the cancer is affecting his bone marrow so reticulocytes are not being made

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14
Q

what are the 3 ways that cancer lymphocytes are different

A

lacy nuclear chromatin, prominent large nucleoli, variable sized nucleus

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15
Q

what is the term for elevated wbc

A

leukocytosis

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16
Q

what is the term for elevated monocyte count

A

monocytosis

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17
Q

what is the term for low eosinophil count

A

eosinopenia

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18
Q

what electrolyte is often elevated with lymphoma

A

calcium

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19
Q

what can cause an increase in urea

A

dehydration

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20
Q

why does globulin elevate

A

inflammation

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21
Q

how is it possible that an animal may be more anemic then their rbc values suggest

A

due to dehydration

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22
Q

what does increased cortisone do to the wbc

A

decrease eosinophils

increase neutrophils

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23
Q

what are the three types of leukograms

A

excitement, stress, left shift

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24
Q

when is pyometra the most likely to occur

A

4 months after heat

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25
Q

how do you treat pyometra

A

removal of uterus

26
Q

what are the 2 general types of pyometra

A

open and closed

27
Q

what are codocytes

A

rbc deformities due to the cell membrane

28
Q

what are the two types of codocytes

A

target cells and stomatocytes

29
Q

what type of stain is the new methlyne blue stain

A

it is a supra vital stain used to stain reticulocytes

30
Q

what is syncope

A

fainting

31
Q

why would you see band neutrophils

A

due to mild left shift

32
Q

what is AIHA

A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

33
Q

what is a polychromatophil

A

a young/degenerated rbc that stains with an acid, neutral or basic dye

34
Q

what is a reticulocyte

A

an immature RBC

35
Q

How is a reticulocyte different from a polychromatophil

A

a polychromatophil is a prematurely released RBC whereas a reticulocyte is an immature rbc

36
Q

why do we see spherocytes

A

caused by AIHA

37
Q

Why does a sphericity look hyperchromic

A

damage to cell membrane, same concentration of hemoglobin in a smaller package.

38
Q

Spherocytes are considered a hallmark of which disease

A

AIHA

39
Q

What is pelger huet

A

a genetic disorder

40
Q

what does pelger huet do to the neutrophils

A

cause them to be band

41
Q

What defines an inflammatory leukogram

A

increase in neutrophils, decrease in lymphocytes and increase in non segmented neutrophils

42
Q

how can you tell if it is a recent abscess or chronic

A

increase in neutrophils, also increase in globulin

43
Q

how can you tell if something is a chronic infection

A

monocytosis. if monocytosis is absent then its acute

44
Q

why can TP be elevated

A

dehydration, inflammation

45
Q

what liver test is used in dogs and cats and not in cows

A

ALT

46
Q

what liver test is used in the cow but is not in the biovet cat/dog profiles

A

AST

47
Q

What can elevated AST also be caused by

A

muscular damage

48
Q

a deficiency of this mineral _____ causes grass tetany in cattle

A

magnesium

49
Q

why would a horse have a low blood glucose value

A

the cells use it

50
Q

what vacutainer can be used to avoid false blood glucose values

A

grey

51
Q

why can an animal present as a false hypothyroid

A

chronic disease can cause a hypothyroid presentation

52
Q

why can you see echinocytes and rouleaux

A

echinocytes: dehydration
rouleaux: critical sickness

53
Q

what is hemangiosarcoma

A

cancer of the blood vessels

54
Q

what results in the biochem would support blood loss

A

decreased erythrocytes

55
Q

what is hematochezia

A

bloody stool

56
Q

in a 3 month old puppy what parasite can cause hematochezia

A

giardia

57
Q

what is the significance of elevated CK

A

muscle damage

58
Q

what are heinz bodies

A

denatured hemoglobin

59
Q

what biochem tests are evaluated in pancreatitis

A

amylase, lipase

60
Q

which biochem test is elevated in hypothyroidism in the dog

A

cholesterol

61
Q

what 2 biochem tests could be used to determine whether the cat is diabetic or not

A

fructosamine or glycoslated hemoglobin

Hematology (15 decks)

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