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Science > Waves/sound/light > Flashcards

Waves/sound/light Flashcards

1
Q

Doppler Effect

A

Caused by the change in motion between the source and the observer

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2
Q

Doppler Effect- moving towards you

A

The wavelengths are shorter; frequency is higher/pitch

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3
Q

Doppler Effect- moving away from you

A

Waves are farther apart; lower frequency/pitch

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4
Q

Sonic Boom

A

Object travels through air faster than the speed of sound; creates a shock wave of large amounts of energy

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5
Q

Sonic Boom - Shock Wave

A

Waves pile up to form a shockwave; sound barrier is broken (faster than the speed of sound)

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6
Q

Echolocation

A

Uses reflected ultrasonic waves to hunt and navigate. The waves bounce off of objects and return to the source for it to determine the proximity, size, or speed of the object.

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7
Q

Examples of Echolocation

A

Bats, dolphins

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8
Q

SONAR

A

Sound Navigation and Ranging; submarines, finding fish, mapping oceans “manmade echolocation”

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9
Q

Pitch

A

Description of how high or low the sound seems to the listener

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10
Q

Ultrasound

A

Sounds with frequencies above the normal human hearing range

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11
Q

Infrasound

A

Sounds with frequencies below the normal human hearing range

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12
Q

What are sound levels measured in?

A

Decibels (dB)

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13
Q

7 types of electromagnetic waves

A

radio, microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma rays

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14
Q

Radio Waves

A

Lowest frequency, the longest wavelength

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15
Q

Microwaves

A

Ex: cell phones, microwaves, RADAR for speed/location, satellites in space

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16
Q

Infrared

A

Releases heat
Ex: thermogram, night vision

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17
Q

Visible Light

A

ROY G BIV
Red = longest wavelength
Violet = shortest wavelength

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18
Q

Ultraviolet (UV)

A

Too much can cause skin cancer, wrinkles, and eye damage
Ex: kill bacteria, sterilize MD tools, produce vitamin D, cure jaundice
Insects use this to find flowers

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19
Q

X-rays

A

Too much can kill living cells; use lead to block the waves
Ex: looking at bones, airport security, engineering design

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20
Q

Gamma Rays

A

Shortest wavelength/ highest frequency
Ex: Destroy cancer cells and healthy cells

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21
Q

How are different types of radiation arranged along the EM spectrum

A

By the amount energy they carry

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22
Q

What is the difference between a wave and a particle

A

A particle is a discrete unit of energy; a wave is a continuous flow of energy

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23
Q

Astronomers often scan the sky using devices called radio telescopes. What can you conclude about these devices

A

They pick up the radio waves emitted by stars

24
Q

What do all forms of EM radiation have in common

A

Their speed

25
Q

What produces electromagnetic radiation?

A

Electrons changing energy levels

26
Q

Helps you change the channels on your TV

A

Infrared

27
Q

Found in space and nuclear explosions

A

Gamma rays

28
Q

Used to see your bones

A

X-rays

29
Q

Used to pop popcorn

A

Microwaves

30
Q

When they move from one energy level to the next, they emit electromagnetic radiation

A

Electrons

31
Q

Sometimes it behaves like a wave, sometimes like particles

A

Radiation

32
Q

Used to transmit radio and television signals as well as cell phone signals

A

Radio waves

33
Q

Contains the colors of the rainbow

A

Visible light

34
Q

Occurs naturally in sunlight; most of it is blocked by the ozone layer

A

Ultraviolet

35
Q

Relationship between wavelength and energy

A

If the wave gets bigger, there is less energy. As the wavelength gets smaller, more energy is involved

36
Q

Waves that are about the size of atoms

A

X- rays

37
Q

Waves that have the most light energy

A

Gamma rays

38
Q

Waves that, in large doses, can cause skin cancer and cataracts

A

Ultraviolet light

39
Q

Waves that are usually experienced as heat

A

Infrared waves

40
Q

Waves that are about the size of a virus

A

Ultraviolet light

41
Q

Waves that are a little shorter than bacteria

A

Visible light

42
Q

Waves that are very long and do not have much light energy

A

Radio waves

43
Q

Waves that are used by cellular phones

A

Microwaves

44
Q

Waves used in radar

A

Microwaves

45
Q

Waves that are given off by the human body

A

Infrared waves

46
Q

Waves that are as long as or longer than a football field

A

Radio wvaes

47
Q

Waves that carry television signals

A

Radio waves

48
Q

Waves that are given off by a light bulb

A

Visible light

49
Q

Wave that are used in television remote controls

A

Infrared waves

50
Q

Waves that are produced in nuclear explosions

A

Gamma rays

51
Q

Waves that are used to heat food

A

Microwaves

52
Q

Waves that include the r waves that our eyes see as different colors

A

Visible light

53
Q

Waves that are used to make pictures of bones

A

X- rays

54
Q

Waves whose source includes black holes, neutron stars, and pulsars

A

Gamma rays

55
Q

Waves that are mostly blocked from Earth by the ozone layer

A

Ultraviolet

Science (9 decks)

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