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Science > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

What are waves?

A

Any disturbance that transmits energy through matter or empty space 

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2
Q

Energy is carried _______ from its source

A

Away

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3
Q

The material the wave moves through is ___ transmitted

A

Not

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4
Q

Medium

A

The material or substance a mechanical wave travels through

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5
Q

How do waves transfer energy through a medium?

A

When a particle vibrates, its energy is past to the next particle, which passes to the next particle like dominoes
Energy is transmitted through a medium

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6
Q

Two main groups of waves

A

Mechanical and electromagnetic

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7
Q

Must have a medium to travel

A

Mechanical

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8
Q

Does not need a medium to travel, and may go through empty space or matter, and all travel as a traverse wave.

A

Electromagnetic waves

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9
Q
  • particles vibrate in an up-and-down motion
  • Move at right angles relative to the direction of the wave
A

Transverse

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10
Q
  • particles of the medium vibrate back-and-forth along the path of the wave
A

Longitudinal

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11
Q
  • Combination of both transverse and longitudinal
  • Forms convections underneath
A

Surface waves

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12
Q

What do seismic waves and sound waves have in common

A

They are mechanical waves

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13
Q

What does it mean when the waves amplitude increases?

A

It’s carrying more energy

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14
Q

What medium do seismic waves travel through?

A

The ground

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15
Q

What do waves carry from place to place?

A

Energy, but not matter.

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16
Q

In a wave, what happens to a molecule after it passes energy onto the next molecule in the chain?

A

It returns to its original resting position

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17
Q

How are electromagnetic waves different from mechanical waves?

A

Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space; mechanical waves can’t

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18
Q

Which of the following are electromagnetic waves?
- Water waves
- radio waves
- sound waves
- Seismic waves

A

Radio waves

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19
Q

What type of waves carry energy at a right angle to the direction of the energy flow?

A

Transverse waves

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20
Q

How is a wavelength measured?

A

From crest to crest

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21
Q

What can you infer about a wave with a short wavelength?

A

It has a high frequency

22
Q

How many waves pass a certain point in a second

A

Frequency

23
Q

Waves that carry energy and matter back-and-forth in the same direction

A

Compressional/longitudinal

24
Q

A form of energy that travels as waves in particles or photons

A

Light

25
Q

The bending in spreading of waves usually around an obstacle

A

Diffraction

26
Q

Example: wave spread out to form a single source not all going in a straight line; if a person is in a room at the sound spreads out, so you can hear it all around the room.

A

Diffraction

27
Q

When light enters a new material it bends
Light changes fees as it goes through materials of different densities
Denser-> slower -> shift in direction

A

Refraction

28
Q

Angle of refraction

A

The amount of the wave bends

29
Q

Different colors of light have ____________ of refraction.

A

Different angles

30
Q

__________ happen when all the colors in white light refract at different angles through water droplets.

A

Rainbows

31
Q

If there is more than one hole, the waves overlap on the other side, making a predictable interference pattern

A

Diffraction

32
Q

And effect that occurs when light hits, smooth, shiny surfaces
- The light changes direction in a minor image is reflected.

A

Reflection

33
Q

Angle of incidence

A

The angle at which light hits a surface

34
Q

Angle of reflection

A

The angle at which light bounces off a surface

35
Q

When light hits, a smooth, shiny surface reflects at __________ angle at which it came in

A

The same

36
Q

Smooth surfaces reflect most light
Rough Surfaces ________ light

A
37
Q

Certain substances absorb light, resulting in different perceptive colors from different substances

A

Just know that

38
Q

What kind of wave is a ripple in water an example of?

A

Surface waves

39
Q

What kind of wave is a slinky an example of?

A

Longitudinal

40
Q

Four types of wave interactions

A

Reflection, refraction, diffraction, resonance

41
Q

Bouncing back

A

Reflection

42
Q

Bending of a wave when it changes speed as it enters a new medium

A

Refraction

43
Q

Wave speed equals

A

Frequency times wave length

44
Q

Speed for mechanical waves

A

Move fastest in solids and slowest and gases

45
Q

Speed for electromagnetic waves

A

Move fastest in empty space and slowest in solids

46
Q

Two or more waves combine to make a single wave

A

Interference

47
Q

Constructive interference

A

Build, larger amplitude

48
Q

Destructive interference

A

Cancel out to make zero amplitude

49
Q

Two ways with the same wavelength, traveling in opposite directions and overlap

A

Standing waves

50
Q

Two objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency

A

Resonance

Science (9 decks)

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