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Physical Science > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Waves move ____.

A

Energy

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2
Q

-a physical environment in which phenomena occur

A

Medium

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3
Q

Give three examples of a medium

A

Water, air, Earth

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4
Q

-a wave that requires a medium through which to travel

A

Mechanical Waves

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5
Q

Give two examples of mechanical waves

A

Sound waves

Earthquake waves

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6
Q

Do electromagnetic waves require a medium?

A

nope

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7
Q

-a wave that consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields

A

Electromagnetic Waves

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8
Q

Give three examples of electromagnetic waves

A

Light, X-Rays, radio waves

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9
Q

What is the ability to exert force over a long distance or the ability to do work?

A

Energy

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10
Q

The bigger the wave the ____ it carries.

A

More energy

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11
Q

As waves spread out, successive _____ move farther from the center.

A

Wave fronts

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12
Q

Most waves are caused by _____.

A

Vibrating objects

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13
Q

What may be caused by vibrating charged particles?

A

Electromagnetic waves

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14
Q

What kind of waves can be caused by the vocal chords vibrating?

A

Sound waves

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15
Q

What vibrates in mechanical waves as the wave passes through?

A

The particles of the mediu

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16
Q

What transfers only energy not matter?

A

The wave front

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17
Q

-a vibration that fades out as energy is transferred from one object to another

A

Damped harmonic motion

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18
Q

Give an example of damped harmonic motion.

A

Shock absorbers

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19
Q

What kind of waves have perpendicular motion?

A

Transverse waves

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20
Q

The motion of the particles in the medium are ____ to the motion of the wave. (Like a mass on a spring.)

A

Perpendicular

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21
Q

Give an example of transverse waves.

A

Light waves

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22
Q

-cause particles in the medium to vibrate parallel to the motion of the wave

A

Longitudinal waves

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23
Q

Give an example of a longitudinal wave

A

Sound waves

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24
Q

-a disturbance that carries energy matter or space

A

Wave

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25
Q

-the highest point of a transverse wave

A

Crest

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26
Q

-the lowest point of a transverse wave

A

Trough

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27
Q

-crowded area of a longitudinal wave

A

Compression

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28
Q

-the stretched-out areas of a longitudinal wave

A

Rarefraction

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29
Q

Look for drawn waves in notes-

A

Bc I can’t draw by typing

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30
Q

-occur at the boundary between two mediums

A

Surface Waves

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31
Q

Give an example of surface waves

A

Water waves

32
Q

How do particles move in surface waves?

A

In circles

33
Q

-the maximum distance that the particles of a wave’s medium vibrate from their rest position

A

Amplitude

34
Q

-the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave

A

Wavelength

35
Q

____ and ____ are measures of distance.

A

Amplitude and wavelengths

36
Q

___ and ___ tell you about energy.

A

Amplitude and wavelength

37
Q

-the time it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to occur (T)

A

Period

38
Q

-the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time (f)

A

Frequency

39
Q

-number of vibrations per second (Hz)

A

Hertz

40
Q

Study your math.

A

Don’t you dare ignore this like you usually do Anna! You will fail high school and end up working at McDonald’s. Do you want that? No. So study!

41
Q

Frequency

A

1/period =1/T

42
Q

Wave speed =

A

Frequency x wavelength
Or
Speed = wavelength / period

43
Q

V=

A

Lambda/T

44
Q

Math skills on page 519

A

!!!!!!

45
Q

Lambda stands for

A

Wavelength

46
Q

What does the speed of a wave depend upon?

A

It’s medium

47
Q

Sound travels _ to _ times faster in water than in air.

A

3-4

48
Q

Sound travels - times faster in solids than in air.

A

15-20

49
Q

-explains differences in wave speed

A

Kinetic theory

50
Q

What determines how well waves travel through a medium?

A

The arrangement of the particles

51
Q

What is the speed of light in an empty space?

A

3 x 10^8 m/s, (c)

52
Q

When does light travel slower?

A

When it passes through a medium such as water or air

53
Q

What comes in a wide range of frequencies and wavelengths?

A

Light

54
Q

Visible light ranges between

A
  1. 3 x 10^14 Hz

7. 5 x 10^14 Hz

55
Q

-the full range of light at different frequencies and wavelengths

A

Electromagnetic Spectrum

56
Q

See figure 7 on page 521

A

look at the pretty light

bask in the glory of Roy G. Biv

57
Q

What creates a change in observed frequency?

A

Motion between the source of waves and the observer

58
Q

-determined by the frequency at which the sound waves strike the eardrum

A

Pitch

59
Q

A car moving toward you blowing its horn

A

High pitch

60
Q

As the car moves away, the horn has a

A

Lower pitch

61
Q

The Doppler Effect occurs in _____ and ______ as well.

A

Light and other types of waves

62
Q

-the bounding back of a wave when it hits a surface or boundary that it does not go through

A

Reflection

63
Q

Give an example of reflection.

A

Light is reflected by a shiny mirror

64
Q

-a change in the direction of a wave when the wave finds an obstacle or an edge, such as an opening

A

Diffraction

65
Q

Give an example of diffraction.

A

Sound waves bend around a corner to enable you to hear sounds from another location.

66
Q

-the bending of a wavefront as the wavefront passes between two substances in which the speed of the wave differs

A

Refraction

67
Q

-the combination of two or more waves of the same frequency that results in a single wave

A

Interference

68
Q

-any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the original waves

A

Constructive interference

69
Q

-any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is smaller than the largest of the original wave

A

Destructive interference

70
Q

-a wave or vibration that causes the particles in the medium to vibrate in a stationary pattern

A

Standing Wave

71
Q

Give an example of a standing wave.

A

A wave reflected back on itself.

72
Q

Although it appears the wave is standing still, in reality waves are ____.

A

Traveling in both directions

73
Q

Standing waves have_____ and _____.

A

Nodes and antinodes

74
Q

-points of vibration

A

Nodes

75
Q

-points of max vibration.

A

Antinodes

Physical Science (9 decks)

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