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Electricity Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Like charges

A

Repel

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2
Q

Opposite charges

A

Attract

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3
Q

What does an object’s electrical charge depend upon?

A

The imbalance of its protons and electrons

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4
Q

-a material in which charges can move freely and that can carry an electric current
Ex. Metals

A

Conductor

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5
Q

-a material that does not transfer current easily

A

Insulator

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6
Q

Give four examples of insulators.

A

Plastics
Cardboard
Glass
Silk

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7
Q

How can objects be charged?

A

By the transfer of electrons

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8
Q

-the transfer of electrons by rubbing objects together

A

Charging by friction

Bc when electrons rub the wrong way they decide they want to unleash their wrath via electricity

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9
Q

How can objects be charged?

A

By touching them together

-charging by contact

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10
Q

Charges move within .

A

Uncharged objects

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11
Q

How can a charge be induced? This leaves the other side of the object with a positive charge

A

drawing electrons to one side

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12
Q

Even ___ can be polarized.

A

Insulators

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13
Q

-the force of attraction or repulsion between objects due a charge

A

Electric force

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14
Q

Give an example of electrical force.

A

Holds atoms together.

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15
Q

-depends on charge and distance

A

Electrical force

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16
Q

What is proportional to the electrical force between two objects?

A

The product of the charges on the objects

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17
Q

If the charge on one object is doubled,

A

Then the force between the two is doubled

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18
Q

-inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two objects

A

Electrical force

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19
Q

-a region in space around a charged object that causes a stationary charged objectto experience an electric force

A

Electric field

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20
Q

-an electrical property of matter that creates electric and magnetic forces and interactions

A

Electric Charge

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21
Q

-the ability to move an electric charge from one point to another

A

Electrical Potential Energy

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22
Q

What does electric potential energy depend upon?

A

An electric charge’s position in the field

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23
Q

-between any two points, the work that must be done against electric forces to move a unit charge from one point to the other

A

Potential Difference

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24
Q

Potential difference is measured in

A

Volts (V)

Capital V because if you don’t give volts the respect they deserve they will electrify you and you will die

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25
Volt=
joule per coulomb (J/c)
26
Because potential difference is measured in volts, it is often called
voltage
27
-a device that is a source of electric current because of a potential difference, or voltage, between the terminals
Cell
28
Most common batteries are
Electric cells
29
Voltages sets charges in ____.
Motion
30
Electrons move from the ____ terminal to the ____ terminal.
Negative | Positive
31
The electrons travel through an _____, a solution which conducts electricity.
Electrolyte
32
-the rate an electric charge moves through a conductor
Current
33
A battery is a direct current source becuase the charges always move
From one terminal to the other in the same direction
34
The direction current in a wire is _____ the direction that electrons move.
Opposite
35
-the current made of positive charges
Conventional current
36
-the opposition posed by a material or a device to the flow of current
Resistance
37
Resistance is caused by _____, which slows the movement of charges through a conducting material
Internal friction
38
R=
voltage/current | R=V/I
39
Resistance is measured in
Ohms
40
-volts per ampere
Ohms
41
-usually specially designed to control current
Resistor
42
Look at the math skills example on page 597
BC YOU HAVE TO
43
Conductors have ________
Low resistance
44
Some materials become _______ below a certain temperature.
Superconductors
45
At a critical temperature, conductors have
Zero resistance
46
Semiconductors have a resistance between
Conductors and insulators
47
Insulators have
High resistance
48
-a set of electrical components connected such that they provide one or more complete paths for the movement of charges
Electrical circuit
49
-complete path
Closed circuit
50
-not a complete path
Open circuit
51
-interrupt the flow of charges in a circuit
Switches
52
-used to represent circuits
Schematic Diagrams
53
See table 2 on page 548
BC you have to
54
-the components of a circuit that form a single path for current
Series
55
The current in each device of the current is the ____ in a series.
Same
56
The resistance may be ____ in a series
Different
57
Therefore the voltage may be ____ in a series.
Different
58
-a circuit in which all of the components are connected to each other side by side
Parallel
59
The voltage across each device in a parallel is the ___.
Same
60
The sum of the currents in all the devices equals the ______ in a parallel.
Total current
61
Look at a drawing of the series circuit and a parallel circuit
Plz
62
What are the advantages of a parallel circuit?
Multiple paths for current
63
In parallel circuits, if one path is broken,
The other still carries current
64
-the rate at which electrical energy is used
Electric Power
65
Power=
Current times voltage
66
Power equals
I times V
67
What is the SI unit for power?
Watts
68
P=
IV
69
Remember voltage is V=
IR
70
P=
I(squared)R or V(squared)/R
71
Look at the math skills on page 606
Come on last formula of the year! You have a chance of survival.
72
-an electrical device that contains a metal strip that melts when current in the circuit becomes too great
Fuse
73
-a switch that opens a circuit automatically when the current exceeds a certain value
Circuit Breaker

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