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Physical Science > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Like charges

A

Repel

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2
Q

Opposite charges

A

Attract

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3
Q

What does an object’s electrical charge depend upon?

A

The imbalance of its protons and electrons

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4
Q

-a material in which charges can move freely and that can carry an electric current
Ex. Metals

A

Conductor

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5
Q

-a material that does not transfer current easily

A

Insulator

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6
Q

Give four examples of insulators.

A

Plastics
Cardboard
Glass
Silk

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7
Q

How can objects be charged?

A

By the transfer of electrons

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8
Q

-the transfer of electrons by rubbing objects together

A

Charging by friction

Bc when electrons rub the wrong way they decide they want to unleash their wrath via electricity

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9
Q

How can objects be charged?

A

By touching them together

-charging by contact

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10
Q

Charges move within .

A

Uncharged objects

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11
Q

How can a charge be induced? This leaves the other side of the object with a positive charge

A

drawing electrons to one side

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12
Q

Even ___ can be polarized.

A

Insulators

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13
Q

-the force of attraction or repulsion between objects due a charge

A

Electric force

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14
Q

Give an example of electrical force.

A

Holds atoms together.

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15
Q

-depends on charge and distance

A

Electrical force

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16
Q

What is proportional to the electrical force between two objects?

A

The product of the charges on the objects

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17
Q

If the charge on one object is doubled,

A

Then the force between the two is doubled

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18
Q

-inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two objects

A

Electrical force

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19
Q

-a region in space around a charged object that causes a stationary charged objectto experience an electric force

A

Electric field

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20
Q

-an electrical property of matter that creates electric and magnetic forces and interactions

A

Electric Charge

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21
Q

-the ability to move an electric charge from one point to another

A

Electrical Potential Energy

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22
Q

What does electric potential energy depend upon?

A

An electric charge’s position in the field

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23
Q

-between any two points, the work that must be done against electric forces to move a unit charge from one point to the other

A

Potential Difference

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24
Q

Potential difference is measured in

A

Volts (V)

Capital V because if you don’t give volts the respect they deserve they will electrify you and you will die

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25
Q

Volt=

A

joule per coulomb (J/c)

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26
Q

Because potential difference is measured in volts, it is often called

A

voltage

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27
Q

-a device that is a source of electric current because of a potential difference, or voltage, between the terminals

A

Cell

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28
Q

Most common batteries are

A

Electric cells

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29
Q

Voltages sets charges in ____.

A

Motion

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30
Q

Electrons move from the ____ terminal to the ____ terminal.

A

Negative

Positive

31
Q

The electrons travel through an _____, a solution which conducts electricity.

A

Electrolyte

32
Q

-the rate an electric charge moves through a conductor

A

Current

33
Q

A battery is a direct current source becuase the charges always move

A

From one terminal to the other in the same direction

34
Q

The direction current in a wire is _____ the direction that electrons move.

A

Opposite

35
Q

-the current made of positive charges

A

Conventional current

36
Q

-the opposition posed by a material or a device to the flow of current

A

Resistance

37
Q

Resistance is caused by _____, which slows the movement of charges through a conducting material

A

Internal friction

38
Q

R=

A

voltage/current

R=V/I

39
Q

Resistance is measured in

A

Ohms

40
Q

-volts per ampere

A

Ohms

41
Q

-usually specially designed to control current

A

Resistor

42
Q

Look at the math skills example on page 597

A

BC YOU HAVE TO

43
Q

Conductors have ________

A

Low resistance

44
Q

Some materials become _______ below a certain temperature.

A

Superconductors

45
Q

At a critical temperature, conductors have

A

Zero resistance

46
Q

Semiconductors have a resistance between

A

Conductors and insulators

47
Q

Insulators have

A

High resistance

48
Q

-a set of electrical components connected such that they provide one or more complete paths for the movement of charges

A

Electrical circuit

49
Q

-complete path

A

Closed circuit

50
Q

-not a complete path

A

Open circuit

51
Q

-interrupt the flow of charges in a circuit

A

Switches

52
Q

-used to represent circuits

A

Schematic Diagrams

53
Q

See table 2 on page 548

A

BC you have to

54
Q

-the components of a circuit that form a single path for current

A

Series

55
Q

The current in each device of the current is the ____ in a series.

A

Same

56
Q

The resistance may be ____ in a series

A

Different

57
Q

Therefore the voltage may be ____ in a series.

A

Different

58
Q

-a circuit in which all of the components are connected to each other side by side

A

Parallel

59
Q

The voltage across each device in a parallel is the ___.

A

Same

60
Q

The sum of the currents in all the devices equals the ______ in a parallel.

A

Total current

61
Q

Look at a drawing of the series circuit and a parallel circuit

A

Plz

62
Q

What are the advantages of a parallel circuit?

A

Multiple paths for current

63
Q

In parallel circuits, if one path is broken,

A

The other still carries current

64
Q

-the rate at which electrical energy is used

A

Electric Power

65
Q

Power=

A

Current times voltage

66
Q

Power equals

A

I times V

67
Q

What is the SI unit for power?

A

Watts

68
Q

P=

A

IV

69
Q

Remember voltage is V=

A

IR

70
Q

P=

A

I(squared)R or V(squared)/R

71
Q

Look at the math skills on page 606

A

Come on last formula of the year! You have a chance of survival.

72
Q

-an electrical device that contains a metal strip that melts when current in the circuit becomes too great

A

Fuse

73
Q

-a switch that opens a circuit automatically when the current exceeds a certain value

A

Circuit Breaker

Physical Science (9 decks)

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