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Physical Science > Chemical Reactions Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chemical Reactions Chapter 7 Flashcards

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0
Q

What rearranges atoms?

A

Chemical reactions

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1
Q

occur when substances go through chemical changes to form new substances.

A

Chemical Reactions

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2
Q

a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction

A

Reactant

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3
Q

A substance or molecule that forms in a chemical reaction

A

Product

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4
Q

Label the products and the reactants

NaCl + AgNO3 -> AgCl + NaNO3

A

Stuff on left of arrow = reactant

Stuff on right of arrow = product

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5
Q

Signs that a chemical change has taken place

A 
Change in color
Production of gas
New compounds form
Production of sound
Light or heat is given off
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6
Q

____ must be added to break bonds.

A

Energy

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7
Q

____ releases energy.

A

Forming bonds

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8
Q

Sometimes energy is transferred as ___ or ___, ___ or ___.

A

Heat or electricity

Sound or light

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9
Q

Energy is conserved in ____.

A

Chemical reactions

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10
Q

the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce a new compound

A

Chemical Energy

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11
Q

Reactions that release energy are called ____.

A

Exothermic

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12
Q

Reactions that absorbed energy are called _____.

A

Endothermic

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13
Q

_____ is an example of an endothermic reaction.

A

Photosynthesis

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14
Q

Look at the graphs on page 222.

A
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15
Q

A chemical equation uses _____ to represent a chemical reaction and shows the relationship between the reactants and products of a reaction.

A

Symbols

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16
Q

Balanced chemical equations account for the _______.

A

Conservation of Mass

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17
Q

A balanced equation tells you the ___, or proportion of reactants and products, in a chemical reaction.

A

Mole ratio

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18
Q

Do we mess with the subscripts?

A

NEVER!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Ever!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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19
Q

How do we balance chemical equations?

A

Balance one element at a time

Use coefficients in the front of the chemical formula

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20
Q

There are __ general types of reactions.

A

5

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21
Q

These reaction types follow _____.

A

Set patterns

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22
Q

What can the patterns help you with?

A

Predicting the products of the chemical reactions

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23
Q
  • a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound
A

Synthesis Reaction

24
Q

Synthesis Reaction:

A + B ->

A

AB

25
Q

What is a more complex compound in a synthesis reaction? The end product or the reactant?

A

The end product

26
Q

-a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances

A

Decomposition Reaction

27
Q

Decomposition Reaction:

AB ->

A

A + B

28
Q

Reactions in which substances are broken apart

A

Decomposition Reaction

29
Q

-the oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is released

A

Combustion Reaction

30
Q

Combustion Reaction:

2CH(4) + 4O(2) ->

A

2CO(2) + 4H(2)O

31
Q

In a Combustion Reaction, at least one product of the reaction contains ___.

A

Oxygen

32
Q

In combustion, the products depend on _____.

A

How much oxygen is present

33
Q

Read the bottom section of page 232 and look at the combustion reaction on page 192.

A
34
Q
  • a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound
A

Single- displacement reaction

35
Q

Single-displacement Reactions:

AX+B->

A

BX+A

36
Q

In a Single-displacement Reaction, a ___ element will take the place of a ____ one.

A

More reactive

Less reactive

37
Q
  • a reaction in which a gas, a solid, precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds
A

Double-displacement reaction

38
Q

Double-displacement reactions:

AX+ BY ->

A

AY + BX

39
Q

____ and ____ can be understood as changes in the numbers of electrons that atoms have.

A

Free-radical reactions and redox reactions

40
Q

What reactions have electrons available for bonding?

A

Free-radicals

41
Q

-an atom or a group of atoms that has one unpaired electron (fragment)

A

Free radical

42
Q

-any chemical change in which one compound is oxidized (loses electrons) and another is reduced (gains electrons)

A

Oxidation- Reduction Reaction

43
Q

Most reactions go faster at ____ temps.

A

Higher

44
Q

____ speeds up the reactions.

A

A large surface are

45
Q

____ of reactants react faster.

A

Higher concentrations

46
Q

What would be the best way to make a larger surface area?

A

Crush it into a powder

47
Q

Reactions are faster at ___ pressure.

A

Higher

48
Q

___ a reaction often makes it react faster.

A

Stirring

49
Q

____ change the rate of chemical reactions.

A

Catalysts

50
Q
  • a substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions but is not changed by the reaction
A

Catalyst

51
Q

____ are catalysts that slow down a reaction.

A

Inhibitors

52
Q

___ are biological catalysts.

A

Enzymes

53
Q

Enzymes are ___ that ___ metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed.

A

Protein

Speeds up

54
Q
  • a part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance, or element
A

Substrate

55
Q

A reaction that is able to reverse itself often results in an ____.

A

Equilibrium system

56
Q

Systems in equilibrium respond to _____.

A

Minimal change

57
Q

Le Chatelier’s Principle predicts changes in ____.

A

Equilibrium

58
Q

-If a change is made to a system in chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium shifts to oppose the change until a new equilibrium is reached.

A

Le Chatelier’s Principle

Physical Science (9 decks)

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