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Physical Science > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

An object tends to ____.

A

maintain its state of motion

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1
Q

-an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion maintains its velocity unless it experiences a net force

A

Newton’s First Law

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2
Q

Why is it difficult to start a bowling ball rolling?

A

You have to overcome a lot of static friction because of the large mass of the object.

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3
Q

-the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion unless an outside force acts on the object
Ex. Crash Test Dummy

A

Inertia

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4
Q

-the unbalanced force acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration

A

Newton’s Second Law

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5
Q

Force is measured in _____.

A

Newtons (N)

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6
Q

1N= ___ lbs.

A

1N=0.225lbs.

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7
Q

1lb=____ N

A

1lb=4.448N

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8
Q

F=

A

ma

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9
Q

Look at the practice problems on page 401.

A

LOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

thought this said look? haha, lol, no. legend of korra

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10
Q

_____ depends on force and mass.

A

Acceleration

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11
Q

a=

A

net force/mass

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12
Q

The acceleration of an object is _____ to the net force on the object and _____ to the object’s mass.

A

Directly proportional

Inversely proportional

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13
Q

1 N=

A

1kg x 1m/s2

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14
Q

-a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object

A

Weight

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15
Q

g=

A

free-fall acceleration = 9.8 m/s

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16
Q

w=

A

mg

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17
Q

Weight is measured in _.

A

Newtons

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18
Q

Is weight different from mass?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What is mass?

A

A measure of the amount of matter in an object

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20
Q

Weight depends on ______.

A

gravitational force

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21
Q

Large land animals need ___ skeletons to support their mass against the force of gravity.

A

Large

Ex. Elephant

22
Q

How does this apply to trees?

A

Their root system is normally as wide as their branches.

23
Q

-states that all objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force

A

Law of universal gravitation

24
Q

F=

A

G (m1m2)/d2

25
Q

-states the gravitational force increases as one or both masses increase and the gravitational force decreases as the distance between the two masses increases

A

Gravitational Equation

26
Q

All matter is affected by _____.

A

Gravity

27
Q

The force of gravity is easy to understand if you consider two points:
1)
2)

A

1) the size of the masses

2) the distance between them

28
Q

Gravitational forces increases as _____ increases.

A

Mass increases

29
Q

-the motion of a body when only the force of gravity is acting on the body

A

Free fall

30
Q

Why is free fall acceleration constant?

A

Because of the law of universal gravitation

31
Q

Give an example of free fall

A

Astronauts in orbit

32
Q

What can balance weight?

A

Air resistance

33
Q

Does a heavier object experience a greater or lesser gravitational force?

A

Greater

34
Q

A heavier object is ___ to accelerate.

A

Harder

35
Q

-the constant velocity of a falling object when that force of air resistance is equal to the magnitude and opposite direction to the force of gravity

A

Terminal velocity

36
Q

the curved path followed by an object that is thrown, launched, or otherwise projected near the surface of the earth

A

Projectile Motion

37
Q

What are the two components of projectile motion?

A

Horizontal and vertical

38
Q

When the two motions are combined,

A

they form a curved path

39
Q

Give an example of projectile motion.

A

Orbiting

40
Q

-for every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force

A

Newton’s Third Law

41
Q

Force always occurs in ____.

Give an example

A

Pairs

Ex. Sitting in your desk

42
Q

Do forces in a force pair act on the same object?

A

No

43
Q

Do equal forces always have equal effects?

A

No

44
Q

-a quantity defined as the product of the mass and velocity of an object

A

Momentum

45
Q

What are the units for momentum?

A

kg(m/s)

Ex. Pg. 415

46
Q

p=

A

mv

47
Q

What increases as mass and velocity increases?

A

Momentum

48
Q

What is related to momentum?

A

Force

49
Q

-the total amount of momentum in an isolated system is conserved

A

Law of Conservation of Momentum

50
Q

Give an example of the Law of Conservation of Momentum.

A

Rocket Propulsion

51
Q

Momentum is conserved in ____.

A

collisions

52
Q

Momentum is _____.

A

transferred

Physical Science (9 decks)

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