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Physical Science > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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0
Q

a system for specifying the precise location of objects in space and time

A

Frame of reference

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1
Q

An object’s change in position relative to a reference point

A

Motion

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2
Q

Objects move when their position changes in relation to a ________.

A

reference point

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3
Q

Distance measures the ______.

A

Path taken

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4
Q

What is the measure of the path taken?

A

(Distance) How far an object moves

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5
Q

Displacement is the change of an ______.

A

Objects position

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6
Q

The change in an objects position with a direction indicator

A

Displacement

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7
Q

Can distance be a straight line?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Must displacement be a straight line?

A

Yes

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9
Q

the distance traveled divide by the time interval during which the motion occurred

A

Speed

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10
Q

What is the formula for speed?

A

v=d/t

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11
Q

Why is speed represented with the variable v?

A

Because the SI units are m/s

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12
Q

What is achieved when an object covers equal distance in equal amount of time?

A 
Constant speed
(No change in speed)
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13
Q

What is the triangle for speed?

A

d
v | t
(t must be cursive and lower cased)

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14
Q

Speed can be studied in _____.

A

Graphs

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15
Q

The steeper the slope, the ____ the speed the object possesses.

A

Greater

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16
Q

Time is always on the _ axis, and distance is always on the _ axis.

A

time, x-axis

distance, y-axis

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17
Q

Slope=

A

change in y / change in x

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18
Q

How is average speed calculated?

A

distance/ time

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19
Q

Ex. Calculate the average speed of a runner who runs 132m in a time of 18 sec.

A

v=d/t 132m/18s= 7.3m/s

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20
Q

What is the speed at a given point in time?

A

Instantaneous Speed

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21
Q

What describes both speed and direction?

A

Velocity

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22
Q

What is the speed of an object in a particular direction?

A

Velocity

23
Q

Math practice on page 369!!

A
24
Q

What is a combination of 2 velocities?

A

Resultant velocity

25
Q

Do you add vectors in resultant velocity?

A

YAS

26
Q

Airplane flying at 350 km/hr W and a jet stream with a velocity of 55 km/hr E.

A

Draw Vectors tip to tail.

350-55= 295 km/hr

27
Q

What shows distance on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis?

A

Plot graphs

28
Q

Practice graphing on page 370

A
29
Q

What equals speed in a plot graph?

A

The slope of a distance vs. time graph equals speed

30
Q

-the rate at which velocity changes over time; an object accelerates if it’s speed, direction, or both changes

A

Acceleration

31
Q

Uniform circular motion has ____ acceleration.

A

centripetal

32
Q

What’s the formula for calculating acceleration?

A

a= (final velocity - initial velocity)/ time

33
Q

a=

A

/\v/t

34
Q

Math practice on page 375!!!

A
35
Q

Can acceleration be determined from a velocity vs. time graph?

A

YAS

36
Q

The slope of the line gives the value of _____.

A

Acceleration

37
Q

Positive slope=

A

Increase in acceleration

38
Q

Negative slope=

A

Decrease in acceleration

39
Q

An action exerted on a body in order to change the body’s state of rest or motion; force has both magnitude and direction

A

Force

40
Q

What are the four fundamental forces?

A

Gravity
Electromagnetic
Strong nuclear force
Weak nuclear force

41
Q

Name two things that can stop an object to move or to stop moving.

A

Contact forces

Field forces

42
Q

Give an example of a contact force.

A

Push a cart

43
Q

Give an example of a field force.

A

Gravity

44
Q

To what direction do objects accelerate?

A

In the direction of the net force

45
Q

Do balanced forces change motion?

A

No

46
Q

____ forces do not cancel out completely.

A

Unbalanced

47
Q

a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact

A

Friction

48
Q

The force that resists the iniation of sliding motion between two surfaces that are in contact and at rest

A

Static Friction

49
Q

The force that opposes the movement of two surfaces that are in contact and are moving over each other

A

Kinetic friction

50
Q

Name two different types of kinetic friction.

A

Sliding friction

Rolling friction

51
Q

Are all kinetic frictions the same?

A

No

52
Q

What also opposes motion besides friction?

A

Air resistance

53
Q

Give an example of air resistance

A

Fluid friction

54
Q

How can harmful friction be reduced?

A

By lubricants

55
Q

Helpful friction can be ____.

A

Increased

Physical Science (9 decks)

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