Water Supply & Distrubution Flashcards
Consists of water service pipe, water supply line, water distributing pipe and the necessary branch pipes, fittings, values and all appurtenances required for the supply of potable water
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
also known as street main
WATER MAIN
water supply pipe for public or community use
WATER MAIN OR STREET MAIN
pipe from street water main to the bldg served
SERVICE PIPE
pipe carrying potable water from water meter or other source of water supply to a bldg or other point of use or distribution on the lot
BUILDING SUPPLY
shall also mean water service pipe
BUILDING SUPPLY
conveys potable water from bldg supply pipe to plumbing fixtures
WATER DISTRIBUTING PIPE
water supply pipe extending vertically to one full story or more
RISER
pipe between the fixture supply pipe and the water-distributing pipe
FIXTURE BRANCH
pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch
FIXTURE SUPPLY
what is the minimum depth of water service yard piping below the ground level
A. 0.3m
B. 3m
C. 0.03 m
D. 30m
A. 0.3m
water pipes shall not be run be laid in the same trench as bldg sewer or storm drainage unless bottom of water pipes is _______ above the top of the sewer or drain line
A. 0.3m
B. 3m
C. 0.03 m
D. 30m
A. 0.3 m
What is the minimum horizontal distance between sewer or drain line & water line
A. 0.03 m
B. 3m
C. 0.3 m
D. 30m
C. 0.3m
water pipes crossing sewer or drainage piping constructed of clay or materials, not approved for use within a slag shall be laid a minimum of ___________above the sewer or drainpipe
A. 0.03 m
B. 3m
C. 0.3 m
D. 30m
C. 0.3m
All small-sized malleable iron water fittings shall be _________
A. Non-presurrized
B. Galvanized
C. Non-galvanized
D. Pressurized
B. Galvanized
What is the maximum lead content in water pipes and fittings?
A. 2%
B. 80%
C. 75%
D. 8%
D. 8%
minimum water supply pressure that should be reached otherwise an elevated tank or booster pump must be installed
A. 103 kpa or 15 psi
B. 551 kpa or 80 psi
C. 55.61 kpa or 8.07 psi
D. 1033 kpa or 149.82 psi
A. 103 kpa or 15 psi
excess in pressure wherein pressure regulator preceded by an adequately sized strainer must be installed
A. 103 kpa or 15 psi
B. 551 kpa or 80 psi
C. 55.61 kpa or 8.07 psi
D. 1033 kpa or 149.82 psi
B.551 kpa or 80 psi
what is the maximum pressure setting of pressure relief value
A. 103 kpa or 15 psi
B. 551 kpa or 80 psi
C. 55.61 kpa or 8.07 psi
D. 1033 kpa or 149.82 psi
D. 1033 kpa or 149.82 psi
what is the minimum pressure for a group containing flush tanks
A. 103 kpa or 15 psi
B. 551 kpa or 80 psi
C. 55.61 kpa or 8.07 psi
D. 1033 kpa or 149.82 psi
C. 55.61 kpa or 8.07 psi
All pipe size determinations shall be based on ____________ of the reduced pipe pressure
A. 2%
B. 80%
C. 75%
D. 8%
B. 80%
multiplier to the elevation in meters to arrive at the loss in static pressure
9.79
What is the maximum velocity given in the appropriate installation standard
A. 0.3m/s
B. 3m/s
C. 0.03 m/s
D. 30m/s
B. 3m/s
this is a safety mechanism for thermal expansion which shall be installed but whenever bldg supply pressure is the theater than required relief valve pressure setting. Also a small tank used to protect closed water heating system and domestic hot water system from excessive pressure
EXPANSION TANK
height of end of pipe with relief valves above the ground
A. 0.15 m to 0.60 m
B. 0.15m to 0.30m
C. 0. 30m to 0.60 m
D. 0. 30m to 0. 90 m
A. 0.15m to 0.60m
CT & PRV
COMBINATION TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
may be used as multiplier to hot-water supply when combining hot and cold water demand
A. 2%
B. 80%
C. 75%
D. 8%
C.75%
what is the maximum distance of unions away from regulating equipment, water heater, conditioning tank, etc.
A. 0.03 m
B. 3m
C. 0.3 m
D. 30m
C. 0.3m
An unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet conveying potable water to the flood level rim of any tank, vat or fixture
AIRGAP, WATER DISTRIBUTION
minimum airgap
A. 25 mm
B. 38mm
C. 51 mm
D. 57 mm
A. 25 mm
AVB
ATMOSPHERIC VACUUM BREAKER
AVB must be placed _________above flood level rim
A. 150 mm
B. 151 mm
C. 152 mm
D. 153 mm
A. 150 mm
consists of a body, checking member, atmospheric opening
A. AVB
B. DC
C. RP
D. PVB
A. AVB
DC
DOUBLE CHECK VALVE BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY
PVB
PRESSURE VACUUM BREAKER BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY
RP
REDUCED PRESSURE PRINCIPLE BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY
consists of 2 independently acting internally or externally or loaded check valves, 4 properly located test cocks with connections, 2 isolation gate values
A. AVB
B. DC
C. RP
D. PVB
B.DC
consists of a loaded air inlet valve, internally loaded check valve, 2 properly located test cocks, 2 isolation gate valves
A. AVB
B. DC
C. RP
D. PVB
D. PVB
Consist of 2 independently acting internally loaded check valve, differential pressure relief valve, 4 properly located test cocks with connections, 2 isolation gage valve
A. AVB
B. DC
C. RP
D. PVB
C. RP
The minimum clearance at the bottom for maintenance of DC
A. 300 mm
B. 305 mm
C. 310 mm
D. 315 mm
B. 305 mm
PVB is placed _____ above all downstream piping and flood level rim of receptor
A. 300 mm
B. 305 mm
C. 310 mm
D. 315 mm
B. 305 mm
The minimum clearance at the bottom for maintenance of RP
A. 300 mm
B. 305 mm
C. 310 mm
D. 315 mm
B. 305 mm
this is placed above all downstream and inning and flooding receptor. This device closes the vent prior to the check opening and can be used indoors.
Spill-proof Pressure-Type Vacuum Breaker
Installations elevated more than _______ above the floor shall have permanent platform for testers and maintena A.nce persons
A. 1.52m
B. 152mm
C. 15.2mm
D. 0.152mm
A. 1.52mm
installation of atmospheric vacuum breaker above flood level rim
A. 1.52m
B. 152mm
C. 15.2mm
D. 0.152mm
B. 152mm
height of critical level above the overflow rim of water closet on the highest part of a urinal
A. 1.52m
B. 152mm
C. 15.2mm
D. 0.152mm
B. 152 mm
height of critical level of AVB of inlets to tanks, vats, sumps, swimming pool installed in the discharge side of the last valve
A. 1.52m
B. 152mm
C. 15.2mm
D. 0.152mm
B. 152 mm
height of AVB of water inlets to water supplied aspirations above the aspirator unit
A. 1.52m
B. 152mm
C. 15.2mm
D. 0.152mm
B.152 mm
height of AVB of potable water outlets with hose attachments above the highest point of usage located on the discharge side of the last valve
A. 1.52m
B. 152mm
C. 15.2mm
D. 0.152mm
B.152 mm
minimum airgap from supply outlet to top surface of the drainage
2 pipe diameter or 25 mm
minimum temperature for a backflow prevention for hot water to operate
A. 41.1 °C
B.42.2°C
C. 43.3°C
D. 44.4°C
C. 43.3°C or 110°F
height of ball well above fall opening of overflow pipe
A. 25 mm
B. 50 mm
C. 75 mm
D. 100 mm
A. 25 mm
separation of potable water from fluids or gases, with vented teak detection path
2 separate walls
water supply inlets without AVB must be protected by ________
AIR GAP
A stop valve placed at the connection of the water service pipe to the water main
CORPORATION COCK
A valve opened and closed by the fall and rise of an attached ball floating on the surface of the liquid
BALL COCK
Flow of water is cut off by a circular disc against machine-smoothed faces, at right angles to the direction of the flow. can only be fully opened or fully closed
GATE VALVE
Flow of liquid is cut off by a circular disc over and against the horizontal valve seat, parallel to the normal direction of flow of water. Can be halfway open or halfway closed
GLOBE VALVE
A valve that automatically closes to prevent the flow of liquid or gas in a reverse direction.
CHECK VALVE
What is the minimum bldg water service pipe?
A. 51mm
B. 102mm
C. 20mm
D. 19 mm
D. 19mm
An arbitrary quantity of the load-producing effects of water requirements
FIXTURE UNIT
What size of valves shall be of brass fitting?
At least 51mm
What size of valves shall have cast iron bodies or brass bodies?
Over 51mm
A valve used to control 2 or more openings shall be ________
Fullway gate valve
What is the type of vent fitting for gravity tanks??
Return bend
What device prevents gravity tanks from overflowing?
Float valve, float switch, or electrode-type water level control
Refers to the natural state of water
LIQUID
Refers to the solid state of water
ICE
Refers to the gaseous state of water
WATER VAPOR or STEAM
What are the three sources of water
- Rain water
- Natural surface water from streams and rivers
- Underground water
Refers to impurities in water which are carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, oxygen, and nitrogenous and organic compounds
ENTRAINED GASES
Refers to impurities in water which are calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, manganese, and other carbonates and silicates, alkyl benzene sulfate and from detergents and synthetic organic from insecticides and pesticides
DISSOLVED MINERALS
Refers to impurities in water such as bacteria, algae, fungi, silt, protozoa, and other colloidal matters making the water colored and acidic
SUSPENDED & COLLOIDAL MATERIALS
Refers to impurities in water by entrainment of radioactive substances from mining or processing ores by wastes from industrial use of radioactive materials
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
Refers to a very shallow well with water taken from a water stratum composed of cervical limestones, sand, or gravel lying a few meters below the earth
SPRING WATER
What are the different types of individual well spring?
Bored wells
Dug wells
Driven wells
Drilled wells
This type of water distribution obtain its supply of water through a large intake pipe installed in the lake basin extended down the water. Water is drawn from the lake, to a receiving well by force of gravity, passing through filtration plant, pumped by centrifugal or piston pump into the water main with sufficient pressure to serve specific needs
DIRECT PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
This type of water distribution employs a turbine pump mounted on top of the stand pipe extended down the well below the water table where water is drawn from a drilled distribution
INDIRECT PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
Water distribution by means of gravity
OVERHEAD FEED SYSTEM
Water distribution where compressed air is used as delivery agent
AIR PRESSURED WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Water distribution used on tall buildings that could not be served adequately by the street main. Employs a triplex pump to operate in sequence according to the volume of demand
DIRECT UPFEED PUMPING SYSTEM
Defined as the resistance between the molecules of water
FRICTION
Defined as the force required to move the water inside the pipe
PRESSURE
The pressure exerted by water at rest
STATIC PRESSURE
Refers to the pressure range measured over a period of 24 hours
NORMAL PRESSURE
An excessive water pressure can be minimized by a valve that will keep the pressure constant at 40 psi. What valve is this?
PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE
Refers to the maximum and minimum pressure at which proper function of the water supply system can be maintained
CRITICAL PRESSURE
Refers to the loss in rate of flow due to friction between the water and the walls of the pipe
HEAD LOSS BY FRICTION or FRICTION HEAD LOSS
Refers to the variations in pressure between the water main and the outlet end of the water service generally caused by friction
PRESSURE LOSS
Type of pump used on small water distribution system for elevating water in wells or other sources, produces pulsating movement
PISTON PUMP
Type of pump associated with tall building water distribution system, produces rotary motion
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Type of hot water distribution system commonly used in small residential houses
UP-FEED GRAVITY RETURN SYSTEM
Type of hot water distribution system generally used in building of extreme heights
OVERHEAD FEED AND GRAVITY RETURN SYSTEM
Refers to the mechanical device used to circulate hot water in the plumbing fixtures recommended for large buildings where difficulty of providing natural circulation of hot water is encountered
PUMP CIRCUIT SYSTEM
Small hot water tank generally made of copper or stainless steel sheet
RANGE BOILER
Large hot water tank made of heavy duty stainless steel sheet
STORAGE TANK
This type of valve protects hot water space heating system
STEAM RELIEF VALVE
This type of valve protects hot water supply system
TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
Type of water heating system where water is confined within a system at low temperature
HOT WATER SPACE HEATING SYSTEM
Type of water heating system where water is not in a closed system and operates on a much higher temperature
HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Also known as hydrologic cycle
WATER CYCLE
Describes how water is exchange through earth’s land ocean and atmosphere
WATER CYCLE or HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
The process of a liquid surface changing into gas and becomes water vapor
EVAPORATION
An instrument used to measure the amount of water vapor in air, in soil, or in confined spaces
HYGROMETER
The process where water vapor becomes liquid. This happens when either the air is cold to its dew point or it becomes so saturated with water vapor that it cannot hold anymore water
CONDENSATION
Refers to any liquid or solid water that falls to earth as a result of condensation in the atmosphere. This includes rain, snow, and hail
PRECIPITATION
Refers to the evaporation of water from plants occurring at the leaves
TRANSPIRATION
Refers to the sum of all processes by which water moves from the land surface to the atmosphere
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Refers to the transition from solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase
SUBLIMATION
The phase change from gas directly to solid with no intermediate liquid phase. The reverse process of sublimation
DESUBLIMATION OR DEPOSITION
Source of water obtained from roofs and watershed
RAINFALL
Source of water obtained from ponds, lakes, and rivers
NATURAL SURFACE
Source of water obtained from below ground surface by means of mechanical or manual equipment
UNDERGROUND WATER
A cased hole, usually vertical that is drilled in the earth to access water that is stored in voids called aquifers
WATER WELL
These are underground layers of rock that are saturated with water that can be brought to the surface through natural spring or by pumping
AQUIFER
A well that has a static water level above the adjacent ground surface. A well from which the water flows upwards and out of the well without pumping due to natural or artificially supplied underground pressure
FLOWING WELL
Type of well that can be constructed with hand tools or power tools. This is the most common kind of well used for individual water supplies and can be dug to a depth of about 15 m (50 ft)
DUG WELL
The simplest and usually the least expensive type of well. A steel drive-well point is fitted on one end of the pipe section and driven to the earth to a depth of 15 m (50ft)
DRIVEN WELL
This refers to precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage eventually evaporates back to the atmosphere rather than the ground
CANOPY INTERCEPTION
This refers to the flow of water from ground surface into the ground
INFILTRATION
This refers to water flowing vertically through the soil and rocks under the influence of gravity
PERCOLATION
PD 1067
Water Code of the Philippines
Water Code of the Philippines
PD 1067
Refers to the maximum rate that a well can be pumped without lowering the water level, expressed in gpm
WELL YIELD
Refers to a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply
RESERVOIR
Refers to a land area that channels rainfall to creeks, streams, and rivers and eventually to outflow points such as reservoirs, bays, and oceans
WATERSHED/DRAINAGE BASIN
Refers to the underground boundary between the soil surface and the area where groundwater saturates spaces between sediments and cracks in rocks
WATERTABLE
Refers to a well that taps into a confined aquifer, water rises above the top of the aquifer but does not reach the land surface
ARTESIAN WELL
A process that involves the exchange of the hardness minerals in water, chiefly calcium and magnesium for sodium minerals
ION EXCHANGE
That part of the water table which is lowered in the vicinity of the well
CONE OF DEPRESSION
Refers to the decrease in the water level at and in the vicinity of the well
DRAWDOWN
Is the measure of the total calcium, magnesium, iron, and other metallic elements that contribute to the hard feel of water
HARDNESS
Type of hardness wherein there is the presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium
TEMPORARY HARDNESS
Type of hardness where there is the presence of non-carbonic salts (sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates)
PERMANENT HARDNESS
Refers to the buildup of minerals and rust from inner linings of pipes caused by minerals like calcium carbonate and magnesium
PIPE SCALING
Water hardness classified as soft
0-75 mg/L
Water hardness classified as moderate
76-150 mg/L
Water hardness classified as hard
151-300 mg/L
Water hardness classified as very hard
over 300 mg/L
Refers to the process of standard ion exchange water softener where the hardness (calcium and magnesium) is replaced with sodium
SODIUM ION EXCHANGE
Caused by suspended insoluble matter including coarse particles that settle rapidly in standing water
TURBIDITY
What is the unit of measurement for turbidity?
NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit)
What is the standard maximum turbidity for drinking water?
1 NTU
Refers to the coarse particles in turbidity that settle rapidly when water is standing
SEDIMENT
Refers to the particles that mostly remain in suspension in turbidity
SILT
How much is the ph level of potable water according to WHO?
6.5-8.0 pH
What is the ph level in neutral?
7 pH
This is measured by ph level caused by the removal of minerals during evaporation, highly corrosive that can damage the plumbing system
ACIDITY
Type of substance that was created from crushed white marble and is very high in calcium, used to treat acidic water
CALCITE
It’s suitable to use for acidic water with ph level around 5.5 which neutralizes the carbon dioxide that’s present in the water
MAGNESIUM OXIDE
Suitable to use for acidic water with ph level around 4.5 to 5.0 applied through a chemical injection
SODA ASH and CAUSTIC SODA
Refers to the loss and eventual failure of metals and alloys from the electrochemical reaction between water and the pipe material
CORROSION
Refers to the breakdown of the pipe material at a uniform rate over its entire surface by direct chemical attack
GENERAL CORROSION
Refers to a breakdown of the pipe material which takes place on small areas of the surface usually at high rates and takes various forms
LOCALIZED CORROSION
How much is the drinking water limits for nitrates?
10 mg/L
Type of water received from a well, surface water, etc.
RAW WATER
Type of water monitored and controlled for pH, algae, and other dissolved solids
TOWER WATER
Filtered, chlorinated, and or otherwise treated to meet the local health departments standards for drinking water as well as the safe drinking water act
POTABLE WATER
The relative term used to describe water mostly free from particulate matter and dissolved gases that may exist in the potable water supply
PURE WATER
Refers to the conversion of a liquid into vapor that is subsequently condensed back to liquid form. This produces biopure water that is free from particulate matter, minerals, organics, bacteria, pyrogens
DISTILLATION
This type of water is needed in the pharmacy, central supply room, and add other areas where there may be patient contact
BIOPURE WATER
Type of water used in medical fields and laboratories
HIGH GRADE WATER
A water purification process also known as deionization which produces high purity water that is free from minerals, most particulate matter, and dissolved gases
DEMINERALIZATION
A water purification process that uses a semi-permeable membrane (synthetic lining) that filter out unwanted molecules and large particles such as contaminants and sediments like chlorine, salt, and dirt from drinking water; from higher to lower concentration
REVERSE OSMOSIS
A water purification process in which solid particles in a liquid or gaseous fluid are removed by the use of a filter medium that permits the fluid to pass through but retains the solid particle
FILTRATION
Often the first step in water treatment where chemicals with a positive charge are added to the water, the positive charge neutralizes the negative charge of the dirt and other dissolved particles in the water
COAGULATION
Refers to the gentle mixing of the water to form larger heavier particles
FLOCCULATION
What is the most commonly used chemical for coagulation?
ALUMINUM SULFATE
Water treatment of potable water where flocs settle to the bottom of the water and are removed by gravity settling and deposition
SEDIMENTATION
Treatments for potable water where the passage of liquid through a porous medium suspended matter which did not settle by gravity and is used to remove the particular matter from water as a pretreatment
FILTRATION
Material for filtration that is less effective in the removal of turbidity and bacteria
COARSE SAND
Material for filtration that requires a shorter period between washings
FINE SAND
A filtration system similar to reverse osmosis but with looser membrane that rejects most polyvalent ions while allowing the monovalent ions of sodium and chloride to pass throug
NANOFILTRATION
Filtration system that is even looser and generally used to separate oil and water
ULTRAFILTRATION
Filtration system design to remove coarse suspended particulates larger than 10 microns in sizes
DEEP-BED SAND FILTRATION
Filtration system used to remove residual chlorine, chloramine disinfectants, dissolve organic, and major portion of naturally occurring dissolved organic material from municipal water supplies
ACTIVATED CARBON FILTRATION
Filtration system where the flow of water in these filters is achieved by gravity only
GRAVITY FILTERS
Filtration system where water is passed through a porous bed of filter medium, utilize the effluent either from plain sedimentation or directly from sources
SLOW SAND FILTER
Refers to the water above the filter sand that provides hydraulic head for the process
SUPERNATANT
Refers to the hypogeal biological layer consisting of biologically active microorganisms that break down organic matter. German for dirt cover
SCHMUTZDECKE
Filtration system referring to a technique common and developed countries for treating large quantities of drinking water
RAPID SAND FILTER
Refers to the filtered water that is passed upward to the filter at a relatively high flow rate of 10 to 20 gpm per square foot in order to clean the filter
BACKWASHING
Filtration system more widely favored in industrial and commercial water conditioning applications. These units have an advantage in that they may be placed in the line under pressure eliminating the need to repump the water
PRESSURE FILTER
How much is the chloride solution for systems allowed to stand for 24 hours?
50 mg/L
How much is the chloride solution for systems allowed to stand for 3 hours?
200 mg/L
How much is the chloride solution for systems allowed to stand for 3 hours?
200 mg/L
Hot water tank that is 30 to 60 cm in diameter with a maximum of 180 cm length
RANGE BOILER
Hot water tank that is 60 to 130 cm in diameter and maximum of 5 m long
STORAGE TANK
Heat transfer that occurs through electromagnetic waves without involving particles
RADIATION
Heat transfer that takes place within the fluid
CONVECTION
Heat transfer that occurs between objects by direct contact
CONDUCTION
Heats water with high voltage electric heating rods that run vertically through the tank. Water is heated starting at the center of the tank radiating outward
ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Heats water from gas-fired burner located at the bottom of the tank. Hot water starts at the bottom and rises upward where it is drawn off the top by a discharge tube
GAS WATER HEATER
Refers to the magnesium and aluminum anode rods inside to protect exposed steel from corrosion. Also known as sacrificial rod
ANTI-CORROSION ANODE RODS
The pipe that lets freshwater enter the water heater through the top of the tank
DIP TUBE
This stops water from flowing into the water heater. It’s a separate component from the heater located outside and above the unit
SHUT-OFF VALVE
A pipe suspended toward the top of the tank’s interior to allow the hot water to exit the water heater
HEAT-OUT PIPE
This is a thermometer and temperature control device for water heaters
THERMOSTAT
Located near the bottom of the exterior housing which makes it easy to empty the tank, to replace the elements, remove sediment, or move the tank to another location
DRAIN VALVE
A valve installed on top of the hot water heater tank to relieve the buildup of dangerous temperature or pressure
TEMPERATURE-PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
How much is the hot water consumption for school (gallons per person per hour)?
2-3
How much is the hot water consumption for office (gallons per person per hour)?
4-5
How much is the hot water consumption for factories (gallons per person per hour)?
4-6
How much is the hot water consumption for apartment (gallons per person per hour)?
8
How much is the hot water consumption for hotels (gallons per person per hour)?
8-10
How much is the hot water consumption for hotels (gallons per person per hour)?
8-10
How much is the hot water consumption for residentials (gallons per person per hour)?
10
How much is the average working load of hot water systems for school, office, and industrial type?
25%
How much is the average working load of hot water systems for apartments and residences?
35%
How much is the average working load of hot water systems for hotels and restaurants?
50%
How much is the average working load of hot water systems for hotels and restaurants?
50%
these are mechanical devices used to control, direct, and regulate the flow of water by opening, closing, or partially obstructing the flow
VALVE
Type of gate valve with a single tapered disc thin at the bottom and thick at the top
SOLID-WEDGE GATE VALVE
Type of gate valve with parallel faces dropped in a vertical position and force apart by a disc spreader
DOUBLE-DISC
Type of globe valve with a pressure tight bearing between the disc and the seat recommended for cold water and any temperature service
CONVENTIONAL DISC GLOBE VALVE
Type of globe valve with wide bearing surface producing good resistance to the cutting effects of scale dirt and other kind of foreign matter found inside the pipe
PLUG TYPE GLOBE VALVE
Type of globe valve that does not fit into the seat opening but over it much as a bottle cap fits over the bottle opening
COMPOSITION DISC
A faucet which operates by means of a round tapering plug perforated in one direction perpendicular to its axis and ground to fit a metal sheet
KEY COCK
A faucet which operates by the compression of soft packing upon a metal seat
COMPRESSION COCK
A faucet similar to compression cock but has a screw outside for connection of water hose
HOSE BIBB
A faucet arranged to discharge water while they are held open by the hand and to close by a spring inside the faucet as soon as the pressure of the hand is removed
SELF CLOSING FAUCET
Type of valve most commonly used in place of a gate valve increases where absolute bubble-free shut-off is required
BUTTERFLY VALVE
A valve with a quarter turn design similar to a ball value with the ball replaced by a plug
PLUG VALVE
Type of butterfly valve placed between pipe flanges
WAFER BODY / WAFER STYLE
Type of butterfly valve which has protruding lugs that provide bolt holes matching those in the flanges
LUG BODY / LUG STYLE
A valve located at the lower end of the pump used to prevent loss of priming the pump
FOOT VALVE / RETENTION VALVE
a.k.a. retention valve
FOOT VALVE
Type of check valve which permits straight-through flow when open
SWING CHECK VALVE
Type of check valve used for gases or compressed air or in fluid systems where pressure drop is critical
LIFT CHECK VALVE
Moves fluid by trapping a specified amount and displacing (forcing) the trapped volume into the discharge line
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
Highly efficient because they can manipulate highly viscous fluids with higher flow rates as viscosity increases
ROTARY-TYPE POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
A simple kind of rotary pump that a pair of gears push the liquid
GEAR PUMP
A kind of rotary pump where two screws turn against each other for pumping the liquid
SCREW PUMP
What type of pumps are chain pumps and rope pumps?
LINEAR-TYPE POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
Transfer the liquid using one or more oscillating plungers, pistons, or membranes while valves limit fluid passage to the desired direction
RECIPROCATING-TYPE POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
Simple tool for pumping small volumes of liquid or gel manually
PISTON PUMP
A reciprocating plunger forces the fluid by one or two open valves blocked by suction on the way back
PLUNGER PUMP
Consists of a piston traveling up and down within a cylinder which is connected with a pipe extending down into the source
LIFT PUMP
A centrifugal pump casing with a vertical connection to the shaft (perpendicular to the shaft and parallel to the impeller)
RADIAL SPLIT
A centrifugal pump casing which is split along the center line of the shaft, direction is in line with the shaft
AXIAL SPLIT
Centrifugal pump casing where in the direction is partly radial and partly axial
MIXED FLOW
Also known as deep well turbine pumps which includes stages of stationary bowls and rotating impellers
VERTICAL PUMPS
Centrifugal pump whose hydraulic components are flooded by the fluid handled. The motor runs a series of impellers which drive water up the pipe
SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
A pump that needs to be filled with water before they can work, draws water up with suction
JET PUMP
Automatic and requires no motor since they depend for operation upon water hammer that is surging back and forth in a pipe when suddenly brought to rest
HYDRAULIC RAMS
Most common water meter for residential and small commercial properties where mechanical parts are displaced or moved as water flows through the meter’s main chamber
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT WATER METER
More common water meter in the commercial and industrial buildings with no moving parts but with an electromagnetic coil that generates a magnetic field and electrodes that capture voltage
ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOW METER
Commonly used water meter in large commercial distribution system where turbine blades are housed in the chamber and rotates as the water flows through it
TURBINE FLOW METER
Pipe marking for hydrogen
Black on yellow
Pipe marking for flammable
Black on yellow
Pipe marking for acetic acid
white on Brown
Pipe marking for combustible
White on Brown
Pipe marking for nitric acid
Black on Orange
Pipe marking for toxic or corrosive
Black on Orange
Pipe marking for fire
white on Red
Pipe marking for other water
white on Green
Pipe marking for nitrogen
White on Blue
Pipe marking for compressed air
white on Blue
ASTM prefix letter “A”
Iron & Steel material
ASTM prefix letter “B”
Nonferrous metal material
ASTM prefix letter “B”
Nonferrous metal material
ASTM prefix letter “C”
ceramic concrete, and masonry material
ASTM prefix letter “D”
Miscellaneous materials
ASTM prefix letter “E”
Miscellaneous Subjects
ASTM prefix letter “F”
Materials for specific applications
ASTM prefix letter “G”
Corrosion, Deterioration, and Degradation of materials
