Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HLSC 2P91 > Water and electrolyte balance > Flashcards

Water and electrolyte balance Flashcards

1
Q

How much body fluid is intracellular ICF?

A

2/3 (inside the cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How much body fluid is extracellular ECF?

A

1/3 (outside the cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is intercellular or interstitial?

A

between cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is intravascular?

A

within the blood and lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some electrolytes?

A
  1. sodium
  2. potassium
  3. magnesium
  4. calcium
  5. chloride
  6. phosphate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are cations?

A

positive charged electrolytes

sodium, potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are anions?

A

negatively charged electrolytes

chloride and phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What electrolytes are predominant in intracellular fluid?

A

potassium and phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What electrolytes are predominant in extracellular fluid?

A

sodium and chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are roles of electrolytes?

A
  1. Action potential
  2. nerve impulse transmission
  3. muscle contraction
  4. regulate fluid balance by maintaining the appropriate distribution of body fluids
  5. regulates acidity in body fluids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Loss of water through excretion?

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loss of water through sweat?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

loss of water through lungs

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much water is expended by adults a day?

A

1.0-1.5ml/kcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How much water is needed for adults?

A

2.4L/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Body must excrete how much mL each day as urine?

A

500ML

17
Q

What is the central to fluid maintenance?

A

Kidney

18
Q

What functional unit is a nephron?

A

Kidney

19
Q

What is ADH?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

  • Response to high electrolyte
    concentration in blood (e.g.
    sodium due to dehydration) or to
    low blood volume or blood
    pressure (sensed by hypothalamus)
20
Q

What hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland?

A

ADH

21
Q

What triggers kidneys to reabsorb water and increases blood volume and BP?

A

ADH

22
Q

What is renin?

A

Reponse to LBP

  • secreated by the kidney
23
Q

What is angiotensin I/II?

A

I: plasma protein activated by renin

II: secretion of aldosterone and increases blood pressure

24
Q

What is aldosterone?

A

secreted by the adrenal glands

  • triggers the kidney to reabsorb more sodium and chloride and retains water and increase blood volume and pressure.
25
Q

What electrolyte maintains fluid balance through osmosis?

A

Sodium

26
Q

What is osmosis?

A

process where water moves through the wall of a cell membrane from a dilute solution (more water and fewer electrolytes) toward a more concentrated solution (less
water and more electrolytes)

27
Q

What plays a primary role in maintaining acid-base balance?

A

kidney

28
Q

What is the primary cation regulator of extracellular volume?

A

Sodium

29
Q

What is the AI and UL for sodium?

A

AI: 1500mg/day

UL: 2300 mg/day (1 teaspoon of salt)

30
Q

What happens when you don’t consume enough sodium?

A

Hyponatremia

31
Q

What happens when you have too much sodium

A

hypernatremia

32
Q

What is DASH?

A

Dietary approaches to sop hypertension to reduce sodium

33
Q

What is chloride?

A

primary anion (negative ion) regulator of
extracellular volume

  • moves freely to the intracellular space
  • Salt
34
Q

What is potassium?

A
  • primary cation regulator of intracellular volume
  • Major role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte
    balance
35
Q

What is the AI of potassium?

A

4700mg/day

  • fruits and veggies
36
Q

What is the balance ratio between sodium and potassium?

A

3:1

37
Q

What is phosphorus?

A

-body’s second most abundant mineral

  • primary anion regulator of intracellular volume
  • bone and teeth formation
  • key role of energy metabolism

animal protein is best source of phosphorus

38
Q
A

HLSC 2P91 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions