Vitamins

Question 1

Deficiency in Vitamin A can cause?

Answer 1

Blindness

Question 2

Lack of niacin can cause?

Answer 2

Dementia

Question 3

Lack of Vitamin D can cause?

Answer 3

retard bone growth

Question 4

What is bioavailability?

Answer 4

The rate and extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used
by the body

Question 5

What are some factions influencing vitamins’ bioavailability?

Answer 5

1. efficiency of digestion
2. previous nutrient intake

Question 6

How to prevent enzymatic destruction?

Answer 6

refrigerate to slow breakdown of vitamins

Question 7

Why should we store milk and enriched grains in opaque containers?

Answer 7

to protect riboflavin

Question 8

Why should we wash intact fruits and veg before cutting?

Answer 8

Prevent vitamin loss

Question 9

What are precursors?

Answer 9

inactive forms of vitamins

Question 10

What are provitamins?

Answer 10

inactive forms of vitamins that are converted to the active form inside the body

Question 11

What vitamins cause hemorrhagic effects if too much?

Answer 11

Vitamin E

Question 12

What Vitamin causes diarrhea and GI distress if taken too much?

Answer 12

Vitamin C

Question 13

What does solubility mean?

Answer 13

Vitamins are subdivided into fat- and water- soluble vitamins

Solubility determines absorption, transport and storage, excretion,
toxicity and requirement

Question 14

What are hydrophobic vitamins?

Answer 14

A,D,E,K

Question 15

What are hydrophilic Vitamins?

Answer 15

B Vitamins and Vitamin C

Question 16

What influences bioavailability?

Answer 16

Minerals

Question 17

How much of major minerals is required a day?

Answer 17

More than 100mg/day

Question 18

How much of Trace minerals is required a day?

Answer 18

less than 100mg/day

Question 19

What are the roles of major minerals?

Answer 19

1. influence fluid balance
2. nerve transmission and muscle contractions
3. energy metabolism
4. contribution to bone structure

Question 20

What determines shape of proteins?

Answer 20

Sulfur

Question 21

What is a highly essential nutrient?

Answer 21

Water

Question 22

What percentage of human body weight is comprised of water?

Answer 22

60%

Question 23

Roles of water in body fluid?

Answer 23

1. carries nutrients and waste products
2. maintains structure of large molecules (protein and glycogen)
3. Maintains blood volume