Water

Question 1

What are the functions of water?

Answer 1

1. Regulates body temperature
2. Transports nutrients, glucose and oxygen to all the cells in the body via blood plasma
3. Removes waste
4. Required for expiration (moistens the air passages)

Question 2

What happens to fluid in the body durning exercise?

Answer 2

1. Exercise leads to exothermic reactions which produce heat
2. Sweating then occurs to prevent over heating
3. Loss of water causes a reduction of blood volume and an increased blood viscosity
4. Leads to a reduction in blood flow
5. Cardiac activity increases in order to transport the same amount of O2 around the body to working muscles
6. Blood flow to the skin is reduced (vasoconstriction) to prevent further water loss
7. As a result core body temperature increases leading to fatigue
8. Fluid loss which exceeds 3-5% of body weight, negatively effects performance by:
   -decreasing aerobic performance
   -decreasing reaction time
   -decreasing concentration
   -decreasing decision making

Question 3

Where are electrolytes found?

Answer 3

Blood plasma

Question 4

What is the function of electrolytes?

Answer 4

Key for the electrical transmission of nerve impulses that control muscular contraction

Question 5

Name 3 important electrolytes

Answer 5

Sodium
Potassium
Chlorine

Question 6

What can loss of electrolytes lead to?

Answer 6

-muscle weakness and fatigue
-muscle cramps
-impaired decision making and drowsiness
-abnormal heart rhythm due to cardiac interference

Question 7

How much should you drink 2 hours before exercise?

Answer 7

400-600ml

Question 8

How much should you drink 15 mins before exercise?

Answer 8

200-300ml