Waste Management Structures (Liquid Waste)

Question 1

requires free oxygen

Answer 1

Aerobic

Question 2

Consist of liquid waste and slurry resulting from the production of livestock and poultry; and
processing of crops, livestock and poultry

Answer 2

Agricultural liquid waste

Question 3

presence of free oxygen is not required

Answer 3

Anaerobic

Question 4

runoff not contaminated with manure such as runoff from roofs, grassed areas, drives and other areas which are not animal alleys

Answer 4

Clean runoff

Question 5

process of killing all pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 5

Disinfection

Question 6

part of total solids passing through the filter in a filtration procedure

Answer 6

Disolved solids

Question 7

Liquid waste, partially or completely treated, flowing out of a reservoir, basin, or wastewater treatment plant

Answer 7

Effluent

Question 8

lagoons that can function as aerobic or anaerobic depending on the environment

Answer 8

Facultative lagoon

Question 9

part of total solids remaining after volatile gases driven off at 600C

Answer 9

Fixed solid

Question 10

non-biodegradable component of liquid waste composed of sand, gravel, cinders or other heavy solid materials

Answer 10

Grit

Question 11

storage where liquid waste is stored before final disposal

Answer 11

Holding pond

Question 12

liquid that flows into a containing space

Answer 12

Influent

Question 13

pit in the ground where liquid waste is stored to produce a higher quality effluent

Answer 13

Lagoon

Question 14

system of clay layers and/or geosynthetic membranes used to contain leachate and reduce or prevent contaminant flow to groundwater

Answer 14

Liner

Question 15

rainfall containing animal manure

Answer 15

Lot runoff

Question 16

accumulated moist animal excrement that does not undergo decomposition or drying; it include feces and urine which may be mixed with bedding material, spilled feed or soil

Answer 16

Manure

Question 17

microorganism capable of causing diseases

Answer 17

Pathogenic microorganism

Question 18

treatment that causes substances in liquid waste to readily settle or float

Answer 18

Primary treatment

Question 19

treatment used to convert dissolved or suspended materials into a form more readily separated from the liquid waste being treated

Answer 19

Secondary treatment

Question 20

precipitate resulting from coagulation or sedimentation of liquid waste

Answer 20

Sludge

Question 21

watery mixture of insoluble solid

Answer 21

Slurry

Question 22

solids removed by filtration

Answer 22

Suspended solid

Question 23

residue remaining after water is removed from waste material by evaporation

Answer 23

Total solids

Question 24

quantity of oxygen needed to satisfy biochemical oxidation of organic matter in waste sample in 5 days at 20degreesC

Answer 24

5-day Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5 )

Question 25

Location:
It shall be constructed on soils with at least __% clay content. If constructed in other soil types, sealant shall be provided.

Answer 25

It shall be constructed on soils with at least 15% clay content. If constructed in other soil types, sealant shall be provided.

Question 26

Alleys:

Scrape alley shall be __m - __m wide for dairy and beef cattle and __m - __ m wide for swine and poultry.

Answer 26

Scrape alley shall be 2.5 m - 4 m wide for dairy and beef cattle and 1 m - 2.5 m wide for swine and poultry.

Question 27

Flush alley shall be __m - __ m depending on animal type. The initial flow depth should be __ mm for underslat alley and __ mm – __ mm for open alleys. The grade of the alley should be __% - __%.

Answer 27

Flush alley shall be 1 m - 3 m depending on animal type. The initial flow depth should be 75 mm for underslat alley and 100 mm – 150 mm for open alleys. The grade of the alley should be 1.25% - 5%.

Question 28

Gravity drain gutter:
For swine buildings, deep and narrow gutters are recommended. The minimum depth shall be __ mm and the width shall be __ mm. The bottom slope shall be __% towards
the drain.

Answer 28

Gravity drain gutter:
For swine buildings, deep and narrow gutters are recommended. The minimum depth shall be 760 mm and the width shall be 150 mm. The bottom slope shall be 1% towards the drain.

Question 29

Step-dam gutters:
Step-dam gutter is recommended for collecting cattle manure. A __ mm high dam should be provided to hold back manure in a flat-bottomed channel. The gutter should be about __mm wide and should steps down to a deeper cross channel below the dam.

Answer 29

Step-dam gutters:
Step-dam gutter is recommended for collecting cattle manure. A 150 mm high dam should be provided to hold back manure in a flat-bottomed channel. The gutter should be about 760 mm wide and should steps down to a deeper cross channel below the dam.

Question 30

Scrape gutters
Scrape gutter is recommended for confined stall barns. Scrape gutters shall be __ m - __ m wide; __ m - __ m deep and generally does not have a bottom slope. It should be provided with paddles designed to move manure forward and down the gutter.

Answer 30

Scrape gutters:
Scrape gutter is recommended for confined stall barns. Scrape gutters shall be 0.4 m - 0.6 m wide; 0.3 m - 0.4 m deep and generally does not have a bottom slope. It should be provided with paddles designed to move manure forward and down the gutter.

Question 31

Flush gutters:
Flush gutters shall have a minimum depth of __ m on the shallow end. The depth should be either constant or increases as the length of the gutter increases. The bottom slope should be __% - __% depending on the storage requirements and clean out technique. It should be
provided with flushing tanks or high volume pumps.

Answer 31

Flush gutters:
Flush gutters shall have a minimum depth of 0.6 m on the shallow end. The depth should be either constant or increases as the length of the gutter increases. The bottom slope should be 0% - 5% depending on the storage requirements and clean out technique. It should be
provided with flushing tanks or high volume pumps.