Waste Management Structures (Liquid Waste) Flashcards
requires free oxygen
Aerobic
Consist of liquid waste and slurry resulting from the production of livestock and poultry; and
processing of crops, livestock and poultry
Agricultural liquid waste
presence of free oxygen is not required
Anaerobic
runoff not contaminated with manure such as runoff from roofs, grassed areas, drives and other areas which are not animal alleys
Clean runoff
process of killing all pathogenic microorganisms
Disinfection
part of total solids passing through the filter in a filtration procedure
Disolved solids
Liquid waste, partially or completely treated, flowing out of a reservoir, basin, or wastewater treatment plant
Effluent
lagoons that can function as aerobic or anaerobic depending on the environment
Facultative lagoon
part of total solids remaining after volatile gases driven off at 600C
Fixed solid
non-biodegradable component of liquid waste composed of sand, gravel, cinders or other heavy solid materials
Grit
storage where liquid waste is stored before final disposal
Holding pond
liquid that flows into a containing space
Influent
pit in the ground where liquid waste is stored to produce a higher quality effluent
Lagoon
system of clay layers and/or geosynthetic membranes used to contain leachate and reduce or prevent contaminant flow to groundwater
Liner
rainfall containing animal manure
Lot runoff
accumulated moist animal excrement that does not undergo decomposition or drying; it include feces and urine which may be mixed with bedding material, spilled feed or soil
Manure
microorganism capable of causing diseases
Pathogenic microorganism
treatment that causes substances in liquid waste to readily settle or float
Primary treatment
treatment used to convert dissolved or suspended materials into a form more readily separated from the liquid waste being treated
Secondary treatment
precipitate resulting from coagulation or sedimentation of liquid waste
Sludge
watery mixture of insoluble solid
Slurry
solids removed by filtration
Suspended solid
residue remaining after water is removed from waste material by evaporation
Total solids
quantity of oxygen needed to satisfy biochemical oxidation of organic matter in waste sample in 5 days at 20degreesC
5-day Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5 )
Location:
It shall be constructed on soils with at least __% clay content. If constructed in other soil types, sealant shall be provided.
It shall be constructed on soils with at least 15% clay content. If constructed in other soil types, sealant shall be provided.
Alleys:
Scrape alley shall be __m - __m wide for dairy and beef cattle and __m - __ m wide for swine and poultry.
Scrape alley shall be 2.5 m - 4 m wide for dairy and beef cattle and 1 m - 2.5 m wide for swine and poultry.
Flush alley shall be __m - __ m depending on animal type. The initial flow depth should be __ mm for underslat alley and __ mm – __ mm for open alleys. The grade of the alley should be __% - __%.
Flush alley shall be 1 m - 3 m depending on animal type. The initial flow depth should be 75 mm for underslat alley and 100 mm – 150 mm for open alleys. The grade of the alley should be 1.25% - 5%.
Gravity drain gutter:
For swine buildings, deep and narrow gutters are recommended. The minimum depth shall be __ mm and the width shall be __ mm. The bottom slope shall be __% towards
the drain.
Gravity drain gutter:
For swine buildings, deep and narrow gutters are recommended. The minimum depth shall be 760 mm and the width shall be 150 mm. The bottom slope shall be 1% towards the drain.
Step-dam gutters:
Step-dam gutter is recommended for collecting cattle manure. A __ mm high dam should be provided to hold back manure in a flat-bottomed channel. The gutter should be about __mm wide and should steps down to a deeper cross channel below the dam.
Step-dam gutters:
Step-dam gutter is recommended for collecting cattle manure. A 150 mm high dam should be provided to hold back manure in a flat-bottomed channel. The gutter should be about 760 mm wide and should steps down to a deeper cross channel below the dam.
Scrape gutters
Scrape gutter is recommended for confined stall barns. Scrape gutters shall be __ m - __ m wide; __ m - __ m deep and generally does not have a bottom slope. It should be provided with paddles designed to move manure forward and down the gutter.
Scrape gutters:
Scrape gutter is recommended for confined stall barns. Scrape gutters shall be 0.4 m - 0.6 m wide; 0.3 m - 0.4 m deep and generally does not have a bottom slope. It should be provided with paddles designed to move manure forward and down the gutter.
Flush gutters:
Flush gutters shall have a minimum depth of __ m on the shallow end. The depth should be either constant or increases as the length of the gutter increases. The bottom slope should be __% - __% depending on the storage requirements and clean out technique. It should be
provided with flushing tanks or high volume pumps.
Flush gutters:
Flush gutters shall have a minimum depth of 0.6 m on the shallow end. The depth should be either constant or increases as the length of the gutter increases. The bottom slope should be 0% - 5% depending on the storage requirements and clean out technique. It should be
provided with flushing tanks or high volume pumps.
