Waste Management: Safe Disposal of Waste

Question 1

define segregation

Answer 1

dividing waste into different categories like dry/wet, biodegradable/non-biodegradable

Question 2

types of dumping

Answer 2

-open dumping
-sanitary landfill

Question 3

what are the five phases of decomposition in sanitary landfill

Answer 3

1. aerobic bacteria deplete oxygen, temp increases
2. anaerobic bacteria form hydrogen and CO2
3. beginning of methanogenic activity
4. methanogenic activity is stabilized
5. depletes organic matter, aerobic state returns

Question 4

advantages of sanitary landfill

Answer 4

free from air pollution and burning
less disease transmission
no fire hazard

Question 5

specifications for plantation on landfills

Answer 5

1. non-edible perennial plants, drought and extreme temp resistant
2. roots do not penetrate more than 30 cm
3. thrive on low nutrient soil
4. sufficient density of plants to minimise erosion

Question 6

collection of municipal solid wastes

Answer 6

1. house to house collection
2. collection from slums and squatter areas
3. biomedical and insustrial wastes to not be mixed
4. segregated
5. waste should not be burnt

Question 7

storage of municipal solid wastes

Answer 7

1. storage facilities should be set up based on waste generation and population
2. wastes should not be exposed
3. manual handling is avoided.
4. bins should be easy to operate

Question 8

define composting

Answer 8

aerobic method of decomposing waste

Question 9

methods of composting

Answer 9

1. Indore method
2. Bengaluru method

Question 10

advantages of composting

Answer 10

-enhances soil nutrients
-suppresses plant diseases
-rejuvinates poor soil
-degrades volatile organic compounds

Question 11

define incineration

Answer 11

process of controlled high temperature oxidation of primarily organic compounds that release thermal energy, C02 and water

Question 12

disadvantages of incineration

Answer 12

-costly
-polluting
-consumes high amount of energy

Question 13

methods to reduce waste

Answer 13

-change of process
-waste concentration for liquid waste
-segregation

Question 14

uses of bagasse

Answer 14

paper pulp, packaging of diary products

Question 15

what is the INDORE MODEL OF WASTE TREATMENT

Answer 15

1. segregation at source
2. door-to-door waste collection
3. waste processing and disposal
4. public awareness and participation
5. strict monitoring and enforcement

Question 16

plastic man of India

Answer 16

Prof. Rajgopalan Vasudevan

Question 17

how are waste plastic roads prepared?

Answer 17

plastic is shredded to suitable size, then heated at 165 C, and then bitumen is mixed to it and heated to 160 C

Question 18

advantages of waste plastic roads

Answer 18

-easy process; no new machinery
-reduces bitumen used
-eco friendly
-plastic waste is reduced