Wall and Floor of Pelvis

Question 1

T/F Obturator membrane completely closes the obturator foramen

Answer 1

False, it leaves out the obturator canal for the obturator nerve

Question 2

Which three muscles are found on the internal wall of the pevlis?

Answer 2

obturator internus
piriformis
levator ani

Question 3

What is the origin of obturator internus?

Answer 3

internal surface of the obturator membrane as well as the adjacent margins

Question 4

How does obturator internus exit the pelvis?

Answer 4

through the lesser sciatic foramen, collecting the gemelli along the way

Question 5

What is the insertion of obturator internus?

Answer 5

greater trochanter

Question 6

What is the origin of piriformis?

Answer 6

the middle three pieces of the sacrum and adjacent part of the lateral mass

Question 7

How does piriformis exit the pelvis?

Answer 7

greater sciatic foramen

Question 8

What are the three parts of pelvic floor?

Answer 8

pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
ischiococcygeus

Question 9

What are the sub-components of pubococcygeus?

Answer 9

pubo-vaginalis or puboprostaticus

puborectalis as the posterior sling

Question 10

T/F iliococcygeus overlaps the pubococcygeus

Answer 10

False, it underlaps it

Question 11

What is the course of ischiococcygeus?

Answer 11

from the ischial spine to the coccyx, on the internal surface of ischiococcygeous ligament

Question 12

What is the origin of levator ani?

Answer 12

from internal aspect of the pubic bone along the side wall of the pelvis, half way along the obturator internus, ending at ischial spine

Question 13

Can we see the origin of levator ani?

Answer 13

yes, the border is thickened. We can see the delineating line on obturator internus

Question 14

The insertion of levator ani is via a central raphe. What’s the course of this raphe?

Answer 14

tip of coccyx to the anal junction, hence called the anal-coccygeal raphe

Question 15

T/F Loose fascia surrounds the structures that are mobile

Answer 15

True, like the bladder, vagina, pelvic floor

Question 16

Which structures in the pelvis have dense fascia around them

Answer 16

piriformis, obturator internus, prostate

Question 17

In relation to endopelvic fascia, why does pelvic sepsis spread so quickly?

Answer 17

Endopelvic fascia fills the space of the pelvis, so infection tends to follow the tissue and spread rapidly

Question 18

What are the layers of the pelvis from outside to inside?

Answer 18

bones and joints, to muscles, to sacral plexus, to fascia, to vessels, then to viscera

Question 19

Which division of internal iliac supplies the pelvic viscera?

Answer 19

the anterior division

Question 20

How high can the bladder reach in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 20

when filled, it can be as high as the umbilicus