Pelvic Viscera

Question 1

What systems can be found in the pelvic region

Answer 1

urinary tract
distal GIT
reproductive system

Question 2

What structure does the ureter cross in the pelvis

Answer 2

vas deferens in male

uterine artery in female

Question 3

What is the potential space anterior to the bladder called

Answer 3

retropubic space

Question 4

Where is the apex of bladder pointing?

Answer 4

towards the pubic bone

Question 5

Can we differentiate the trigone from the rest of the bladder macroscopically?

Answer 5

Yes, the trigone is smooth and doesn’t have detrusor muscle ridges

Question 6

Which part of the bladder is fixed in position?

Answer 6

the neck, fixed by pubovesical ligament and lateral pelvic ligament

Question 7

What’s the name of the peritoneal covering of testes

Answer 7

tunica vaginalis

Question 8

T/F Vas deferens is posterior to the ureter on the posterior surface of the bladder

Answer 8

True, VD enters posterior to the ureter

Question 9

Which prostate lobe is most likely to have benign hypertrophy

Answer 9

Medial lobe

Question 10

What information of the prostate can we get with a PR exam

Answer 10

size, hardness, and contour

Question 11

What’s the normal position of uterus in relation to bladder

Answer 11

ante-verted and anti-flexed

Question 12

What are the two parts of female cervix

Answer 12

internal and external os

Question 13

What ligaments stabilise the cervix?

Answer 13

lateral cervical ligament
utero-sacral ligament
pubo-cervical ligament

Question 14

What happens if the cervical ligaments are lax

Answer 14

prolapse can occur
uterus falls inferiorly
bladder falls posteriorly
rectum falls anteriorly

Question 15

What is the ligament covering the uterine tubes

Answer 15

broad ligament, extension of peritoneum

Question 16

T/F Isthmus is the part of the uterine tube directly adjacent to the ovary

Answer 16

False, infundibulum is the part close to the ovary. Isthmus is closest to the uterus

Question 17

Which part of the uterine tube is broadest

Answer 17

ampulla

Question 18

What’s the name of the ovary’s mesentery, formed as part of the broad ligament?

Answer 18

suspensory ligament, to the posterior wall

Question 19

What is the ligament that connects the ovary to the uterus?

Answer 19

ovarian ligament

Question 20

What is the round ligament analogous to in male?

Answer 20

it’s analogous to spermatic cord, the part that travels within the inguinal canal

Question 21

Why is the anterior wall of the vagina shorter than the posterior wall?

Answer 21

Because there is an angulation backwards

Question 22

Which part of the vagina is directly related to the pouch of douglas?

Answer 22

posterior fornix

Question 23

Where might we feel enlarged ovarian cysts?

Answer 23

the lateral fornix of the vagina, on either side of the cervix

Question 24

Which spinal segment does the rectum begin?

Answer 24

S3

Question 25

Which two arteries enter the pelvic from above?

Answer 25

Ovarian arteries

Superior rectal artery, continuation of IMA

Question 26

In male, there is an additional inferior vesical artery. Which structures does it supply?

Answer 26

vas deferen
prostate
seminal vesicle

Question 27

What is the uterine artery stabilised by?

Answer 27

endovascular condensation that forms the lateral cervical ligament

Question 28

Which artery does the uterine artery anastamose with?

Answer 28

ovarian artery from above

Question 29

T/F Inferior hypogastric plexus has both SNS and PNS fibres

Answer 29

True, S2-S4 for PNS

SNS from superior hypogastric plexus, forming a pair of hypogastric nerves