Perineum

Question 1

What are the two triangles of the perineum?

Answer 1

urogenital triangle

anal triangle

Question 2

Which two structures enclose the perineum

Answer 2

levator ani above, superficial fascia below

Question 3

The perineal membrane splits the urogenital triangle into which two regions?

Answer 3

superficial and deep perineal pouch

Question 4

What is the thickened midline structure of the perineum?

Answer 4

perineal body

Question 5

Which two transverse muscles reinforce the perineal body

Answer 5

superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles

Question 6

What is the name of the fat filled space in the anal triangle?

Answer 6

ischial-rectal fossa

Question 7

Which muscle can be found on the side wall of the perineum

Answer 7

obturator internus

Question 8

Which vessels are found in the pudendal canal

Answer 8

internal pudendal vessel and pudendal nerve

Question 9

What does the pectinate line of the anal canal demarcate

Answer 9

the internal 2/3, lined by mucus and the external 1/3, lined by skin

Question 10

What is the vascular supply for the

1) upper 2/3
2) lower 1/3 of the anal canal

Answer 10

1) superior rectal artery and portal venous system

2) inferior rectal artery and systemic venous system

Question 11

T/F the entire anal canal receives autonomic nervous supply

Answer 11

False, only the upper 2/3. The lower 1/3 gets pudendal, somatic supply

Question 12

What is the internal anal sphincter innervated by

Answer 12

ANS

Question 13

What are the three parts of the external anal sphincter

Answer 13

deep, superficial and subcutaneous

Question 14

Which muscle does the deep external sphincter fuse with

Answer 14

the pubo-rectal sling, part of the pubococcygeus

Question 15

What are the anterior and posterior anchors of the superficial external anal sphincter

Answer 15

anteriorly to the perineal body, and posteriorly to the coccyx

Question 16

T/F subcutaneous external anal sphincter blends with the subcutaneous fat

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T/F All of the sphincters are in the superficial perineal pouch

Answer 17

False, they are all in the deep perineal pouch, anchored to the perineal body

Question 18

What are the five parts of the male urethra

Answer 18

Pre-prostatic, where internal urethral sphincter is
prostatic, with openings of ejaculatory duct
membranous, in deep perineal pouch
spongy, then penile part

Question 19

What are the names of the male erectile tissue

Answer 19

corpus cavernosum x2, above the corpus spongeosum

Question 20

Which erectile tissue surrounds the urethra

Answer 20

corpus spongeosum

Question 21

What are the muscles covering male erectile tissue

Answer 21

ischial caverosus for CC

bulbospongeosus for CS

Question 22

Which spinal segments give rise to the pudendal nerve

Answer 22

S2-S4

Question 23

Describe the course of the pudendal nerve

Answer 23

Starts in the pelvis, then exists via GSF with piriformis, winds back into perineum via LSF, into the anal triangle

Question 24

What is the first branch of the pudendal nerve

Answer 24

inferior rectal nerve

Question 25

What is the terminal branch of pudendal nerve

Answer 25

dorsal nerve of the clitoris or penis

Question 26

the perineal nerve gives which two divisions

Answer 26

motor (deep) division and cutaneous (superficial) division