WA State + Oregon + NY State Flashcards
2nd biggest producer of wine in USA
WA
If WA State appellation is listed on label, __% of grapes must come from WA
95
Most planted white varieties of WA
1 - Chard
2 - Riesling
red grapes of WA
cab sauv, merlot, syrah
Where is Lake Chelan AVA?
NW Corner of Columbia Valley AVA
This AVA is significantly influenced by “lake effect” - extending growing season (WA State)
Lake Chelan AVA
(WA state) This AVA is one of WA’s warmest - produces concentrated reds
Wahluke Slope AVA
Where is the White Bluffs AVA and what is unique about it?
WA State - central Columbia Valley - located on an elevated plateau and named after lakebed sediment that is white-ish in color
Naches Heights AVA
Wa State - high elevation
This WA AVA is famous for WA’s 1st 100 point Syrah
Royal Slope AVA
leading grape of Walla Walla Valley AVA
Cab Sauv
WA state’s first AVA
Yakima Valley
lead grape of Yakima Valley AVA
chardonnay
Why do you often see Rhone varieties and Spanish heritage grapes growin in Washington
East Washington has a climate similar to southern France and several regions of Spain
what is Red Mountain AVA known for?
powerful reds
General soil type of WA State
loess over basalt bedrock
WA State has ______ sunshine and _______ diurnal shifts
abundant / massive
3 main soils of Willamette Valley
Jory: volcanic clay soil
Willakenzie: former seafloor soil - sedimentary rock (sandstone) + marine sediment
Laurelwood: windblown loess
Where in Oregon is it warm enough to ripen grapes such as Cab Sauv, Merlot, and Syrah?
Southern Oregon AVA
the 2 main sub AVAs of Southern Oregon AVA
Umpqua Valley
Rogue Valley
Willamette Valley AVA has 10 sub AVAs. name 5
Dundee Hills
Ribbon Ridge
Eola-Amity Hills
Yamhill-Carlton District
Tualatin Hills
Name the 3 AVAs shared between Oregon and Washington
Columbia Gorge
Columbia Valley
Walla Walla Valley
Finger Lakes AVA has a climate similar to…
Germany
most important NY state AVA
Finger Lakes AVA
Vidal, Seyval Blanc, and Cayuga are examples of _____ grapes
hybrid
t/f: hybrids and vitis labrusca varieties are very popular in NY state
true
(NY) AVA known for Bordeaux blends
Long Island AVA
NY’s most planted variety
Concord
t/f: the majority of grapes grown in NY state are not used for wine production
true
name the 2 sub AVAs of Finger Lakes AVA
Cayuga AVA
Seneca Lake AVA
What grapes do you find in the Finger Lakes AVA?
riesling, chard, pn, gewurtztraminer, cab franc
Oregon’s requirement for AVA sourcing
95% of grapes sourced from stated AVA
What is the maximum allowed concentration of sulfites allowed in a bottle of wine sold in the US?
350 ppm
t/f: less than 10% of NY State’s wines are produced from vitis vinifera
true
This AVA is shared between Oregon and Idaho
Snake River Valley AVA
Key variety of the Rocks AVA
Syrah
What is unique about the Rocks District of Milton-Freewater AVA
cobblestone soils; reminiscent of Chateau-neuf-du-Pape; low fertility + aids ripeness
t/f: Umpqua Valley AVA is considered too hot for Pinot Noir
False. Quality Pinot Noir is grown in Umpqua Valley
if a wine label lists an Oregon appellation, ___% of the wine must come from Oregon
100
t/f: most vines of Washington State grow on their own rootstock
true
WA state’s largest viticultural threat
winter freezes
Why are most of WA state’s vineyards own rooted?
Very cold winters + sandy/silty soils
Red Mountain AVA is hotter, _____, and windier than most other AVAs in Washington State
drier
What is Red Mountain AVA known for?
powerful, tannic wines with concentrated fruit
How does Red Mountain AVA achieve its powerful wines?
it is hot, dry and windy. the alkaline, dry soils here encourage vines to go deep down, and limit vigor and yield. + the wind and heat, vines grow very small grapes here
Horse Heaven Hills is known for this grape
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cab Sauv from Horse Heaven Hills vs Red Mountain
HHV: much softer, silky tannins
What grapes do you find in Walla Walla Valley
Cab sauv, merlot, grenache, syrah
a very large % of Willamette Valley Pinot Noir is made with this method. What are the effects?
whole cluster fermentation - additional tannins + savory flavors - and many of these grapes are not initially crushed, resulting in intercellular fermentations and additional fruitiness
most of the USA’s best Riesling comes from the ______ _____ AVA
Finger Lakes
American grape species (eg, vitis labrusca) are often described as …
foxy
When were hybrids developed and why?
mid 1800s to mid 1900s - French and American scientists desired to create grapes w/ the resilience of American grapes and the flavors of vitis vinifera
name a couple hybrid grapes
seyval blanc, cayuga, vidal
5 sub AVAs of Yakima Valley
Rattlesnake Hills AVA
Red Mountain AVA
Snipes Mountain AVA
Goose Gap AVA
Candy Mountain AVA
White Bluffs AVA is named for the _____ Formation
Ringold
2 sub AVAs of Umpqua Valley AVA
Elkton Oregon AVA
Red Hill Douglas County AVA
Which is further south: Applegate Valley AVA or Umpqua Valley AVA?
Applegate Valley AVA
3 AVAs of Long Island
Long Island AVA
North Fork of Long Island AVA
Hamptons AVA
Oldest continuously operating winery in the US
Brotherhood Winery (Hudson River Region AVA)
Appellations in Canada are referred to as DVAs, which stands for:
Dedicated Viticultural Area
3 Viticultural Areas of Ontario
Niagara Peninsula
Lake Erie North Shore
Prince Edward County
Lead vinifera grapes of Ontario
riesling, chardonnay, pinot noir, cab franc
two lead grapes for Ice Wine produced in Ontario
Riesling, Vidal
Lead grapes of British Columbia
chard, riesling
pinot noir, cab sauv, merlot
