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Italy > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

1
Q

Most important river

A

Rhine River

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2
Q

the Mosel originates in the _____ Mountains

A

Vosges

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3
Q

The main winegrowing regions are primarily in these 3 states

A

Baden-Wurttemberg
Hesse
Rhineland-Palatinate

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4
Q

Muller-Thurgau is a cross of _______ and _____ _____

A

Riesling x madeline royale

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5
Q

Rulander

A

aka grauburgunder

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6
Q

Kerner is a cross of…

A

riesling x schiava grossa

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7
Q

riesling x schiava grossa

A

kerner

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8
Q

wein vs deutscher wein

A

deutscher wein must be 100% German in origin

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9
Q

Germany’s PGI correspondent and requirements

A

ggA - must be slightly riper than grapes allowed for wein level; 85% min. must be sourced in one of Germany’s 26 designated Landwein regions

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10
Q

PDO correspondent

A

gU

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11
Q

___% of grapes must be sourced from the place-name at the gU level

A

100

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12
Q

avg ABV of Kabinett wines

A

7-10 ABV

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13
Q

What does Oeschsle measure

A

density of the must - the more solids (primarily sugar), the desner the liquid

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14
Q

t/f: grosslagen are largely irrelevant re: terroir

A

true. administrative groupings of vineyards

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15
Q

erzeugerabfullung

A

producer bottled - includes co-ops

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16
Q

abfuller

A

wine produced at commercial winery (buys grapes from other sources)

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17
Q

What is the AP Number?

A

mandated for PDO wines - indicates government approval - identifies the wine and the tasting center where it was approved

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18
Q

VDP is commited to ______-driven viticulture

A

terroir

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19
Q

VDP equivalent of village wine

A

Ortswein

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20
Q

VDP Labeling - for the top 3 levels (Grosse Lage, Erste Large, Ortswein) - what does a listed Pradikat level indicate?

A

Pradikat levels indicate sweetness level - dry wines under these tiers are labeled trocken w/ no Pradikat level

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21
Q

why was Germany’s wine historically sweet?

A

cold temps post harvest would often halt fermentation before all sugar had converted to alcohol - given high acidity of grapes, this was beneficial

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22
Q

feinherb

A

off dry; same as halbtrocken but legally undefined

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23
Q

lieblich, halbsuB

A

half sweet

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24
Q

suss or suB

A

sweet

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25
Q

half sweet

A

lieblich, halbsuB

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26
Q

Oeschsle range for BA and Eiswein

A

110-125

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27
Q

TB Oechsle range

A

150-154

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28
Q

When is Eiswein harvested?

A

as early as November, as late as February

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29
Q

rose made from a signle variety of at least Qualitatswein quality

A

weissherbst

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30
Q

Sekt

A

german sparkling wine - often made via tank method, though trad method IS allowed

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31
Q

Schaumwein

A

foam wine - made via forced carbonation - simple and fruity

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32
Q

t/f: Mosel wines are often 12-13 ABV

A

false - rarely over 10%

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33
Q

Anbaugebiet with most Einzellagen

A

Mosel - over 500

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34
Q

the one bereiche of Rheingau

A

Johannisberg

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35
Q

1 Anbaugebiet re: production and area under vine

A

Rheinhessen

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36
Q

top 3 grapes of Rheinhessen

A

Riesling, MT, Dornfelder

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37
Q

What is Pfalz known for

A

simple, inexpensive wines produced in large quanity - sunny, (relatively) warm, fertile region

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38
Q

Franken covers a large area of the ____ River Valley

A

Main

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39
Q

Why is Franken largely devoted to Muller Thurgau and Silvaner?

A

cold climate + short growing season; MT and Silver are early ripeners

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40
Q

Hessische-Bergstrasse is planted primarily to…

A

Riesling

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41
Q

primary grapes of Wurttemberg

A

3/4 red; Trollinger, schwarzriesling, lemberger are leads

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42
Q

Pinot Meunier aka

A

schwarzriesling

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43
Q

Wurttemberg is primarily associated with this river

A

Neckar

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44
Q

Spatburgunder Weissherbst is a speciality of…

A

Baden

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45
Q

grapes of Baden

A

spatburgunder, muller-thurgau, grauburgunder

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46
Q

How does the Ahr ripen red varieties?

A

Vineyards are planted in sheltered valleys facing south on heat-retaining dark slate and greywacke

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47
Q

Mittelrhein most planted to…

A

riesling

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48
Q

sachsen and saale-unstrut mostly planted to…

A

MT, Riesling, Weissburgunder

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49
Q

who brought vitis vinifera to Germany?

A

vitis vinifera arrived with the Romans

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50
Q

How long has viticulture been taking place on the Mosel?

A

4th century

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51
Q

who developed Germany’s vineyards in the Middle Ages?

A

Catholic Church

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52
Q

Middle Ages?

A

Fall of Rome (476 ad) to beginning of the Renaissance (14th century)

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53
Q

Germany’s winemaking is anchored in ______

A

tradition; many estates can trace their history back hundreds of years

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54
Q

Spatlese harvesting dates back to..

A

1775; Schloss Johannisberg

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55
Q

“schloss”

A

castle

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56
Q

Where is the Geisenheim Wine Institute?

A

Rheingau

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57
Q

Significance of Geisenheim Wine Institute?

A

Formed in 1872 in Rheingau - developed a number of hardy grape crosses, eg MT

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58
Q

Dornfelder

A

German cross developed in 1950s; #2 most planted grape

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59
Q

Replantings post WWII focused on…

A

mass production. high yielding, reliable crossings developed at Geisgenheim and other institutes were planted on flat sites suitable for mechanical harvesting

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60
Q

Liebfraumilch

A

sweet, cheap wine typically made from MT

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61
Q

t/f: plantings of German crosses are on the decline

A

true

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62
Q

Germany ranks _th in production

A

8

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63
Q

Pradikatswein min ABV

A

7% (5.5% for BA, TBA, Eiswein)

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64
Q

Most Sekt is made via ______ method

A

Charmat

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65
Q

Kabinett Oeschle range

A

70-85

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66
Q

Spatlese Oeschle Range

A

76-95

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67
Q

Auslese Oeschle Range

A

83-105

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68
Q

Charta

A

organization that promotes classic, dry style of Rheingau Riesling

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69
Q

Erstes Gewachs

A

trocken wine made from Grosse Lage sites

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70
Q

What is Gutswein?

A

Lowest level of VDP quality pyramid - grapes can be sourced from an estate’s holdings anywhere within a single anbaugebiet

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71
Q

“Classic” and “Selection”

A

Classic - dry to off dry
Selection - dry - single vineyard

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72
Q

Mosel goldkapsel

A

indicates a reserve bottle - typically sweeter

73
Q

Mosel 6 bereiche

A

Bernkastel, Burg Cochem, Saar, Ruwertal, Obermosel, and Moseltor

74
Q

Badstube and Michelsberg - what and where are they?

A

The two most common grosslagen of Bernkastel

75
Q

Piesport’s greatest vineyard

A

Goldtröpfchen

76
Q

Where is the Doctor vineyard?

A

Bernkastel

77
Q

purpose of the sundial in vineyards

A

allows vineyard workers to know the time

78
Q

Saar and Ruwer Bereiches are ______ than Bernkastel; producing wines with more _____

A

cooler; acid

79
Q

Obermosel and Moseltor are the two southern-most bereiches of Mosel. what is the dominant grape?

A

elbling

80
Q

Most important Gemeinden of Bernkastel

A

Piesport
Brauneberg
Urzig
Trittenheim
Wehlen

81
Q

village famous for red wine in Rheingau

A

Assmannshausen

82
Q

Most important Gemeinden of Rheingau

A

Assmannshausen
Rudesheim
Johannisberg
Winkel
Hattenheim
Hochheim

83
Q

Where is the Gemeinden Winkel?

A

Rheingau

84
Q

home of the German Wine Institute

A

Mainz (Rheinhessen)

85
Q

Where are the quality wines of Rheinhessen typically made?

A

Rheinterrasse - along the western banks of the Rhine

86
Q

why are crosses often used in Rheinhessen?

A

the areas of land away from the Rhine are often too cold to reliably ripen Riesling, hence the use of more reliable crosses

87
Q

this anbaugebiete has more acreage of Silvaner than anywhere else in the world

A

Rheinhessen

88
Q

Roter Hang

A

prestigious span of red clay - subregion of the Rheinterrasse

89
Q

Riesling in Rheinhessen is often made ______________

A

halbtrocken (or sweeter)

90
Q

Haardt hills are east of this region

A

Pfalz

91
Q

Important Gemeinde of Rheinhessen

A

Nackenheim
Nierstein
Oppenheim

92
Q

Pfalz Riesling style

A

fullest body of German riesling; almost always dry

93
Q

Important Gemeinden of Pfalz

A

Bad Durkheim
Forst

94
Q

Pfalz grapes

A

Variety; riesling, pinot variants, scheurebe (often sweet)

95
Q

t/f: nahe riesling is almost always dry

A

false - generally sweet

96
Q

Where is the gemeinde Bad Munster located?

A

Nahe

97
Q

t/f: Ahr is north of the 50th parallel

A

true

98
Q

Ahr vineyards are sheltered by..

A

Eifel Mountains

99
Q

Kaiserstuhl Bereich - location and what is it known for

A

warmest region of Germany - located in Baden (sole bereich)

100
Q

schillerwein

A

rose wine made by fermenting red and white grapes together - often made in Wurttemberg

101
Q

Baden and Wurttemberg are dominated by…

A

mass production and co-ops

102
Q

Anbaugebiete located in Elbe River Valley

A

Sachsen

103
Q

t/f: in 19th century London, great German Riesling could sell for more than Grand Cru Burgundy and 1st Growth Bordeaux

A

true

104
Q

All of Germany’s good vineyards are planted on _____ soils, such as ______ and ______

A

rocky; slate and granite

105
Q

why are German wines among the longest lived in the world?

A

tremendous acidity - acidity preserves flavor

106
Q

why did German scientists develop dozens of crosses in the 19th and 20th centuries

A

Goal was to create a variety that had Riesling’s essense but higher yielding and more resilient

107
Q

Riesling x Trollinger =

A

Kerner

108
Q

Kerner is most associated with..

A

Pfalz

109
Q

kabinett grapes are picked when they are _____ ripe

A

barely. they are picked during the normal harvest

110
Q

t/f: ortswein and gutswein are optional to list on the label

A

true

111
Q

t/f: the steepest vineyards in the world is located in the Mosel

A

true

112
Q

Where is the village of Trittenheim located?

A

Mosel

113
Q

Where are the 3 renowned Sonnenuhr vineyards located?

A

Bernkastel (Berieche)

114
Q

When were the sundials of the Sonnenuhr vineyards built?

A

early 1600s

115
Q

most famous vineyard of Urzig

A

Wurzgarten

116
Q

t/f: Many of Germany’s vineyards have multiple owners

A

true

117
Q

mosel vs rheingau riesling

A

mosel: higher acidity, more minerality
rheingau: bolder, more fruity

118
Q

when did the concept of classifying wine by ripeness begin?

A

1700s

119
Q

Winkel is a village of…

A

Rheingau

120
Q

British term for wine from the Rheingau

A

Hock

121
Q

this grape has a cult following in Pfalz

A

Scheurebe

122
Q

the Palatinate

A

aka Pfalz

123
Q

region due east of Rheingau

A

Franken

124
Q

Pairings for German Riesling

A

Pork - Riesling is drunk with every type of Pork dish in Germany
salads and simple vegetable dishes - light body and fresh character of Riesling goes great w/ these dishes
complex Asian dishes - Riesling is one of the few grapes that can stand up to these bold and complex dishes

125
Q

t/f: Mittelrhein is known for high quality Riesling and Sekt

A

true

126
Q

Where are the villages of Nackenheim and Oppenheim found?

A

Rheinhessen

127
Q

Lemberger aka

A

Blaufrankisch

128
Q

Trollinger aka

A

Schiava

129
Q

Wurttemberg is known for a blend of these two grapes

A

Lemberger (blaufrankisch) and Trollinger (schiava)

130
Q

lead red grape of Baden

A

spatburgunder

131
Q

lead white grape of Baden

A

mullter thurgau

132
Q

orsteil

A

walled vineyard

133
Q

winzer

A

winegrower

134
Q

kloster

A

monastery

135
Q

fuder

A

trad 1000-L cask

136
Q

“old vine”

A

alte rebe

137
Q

how long has viticulture existed in Germany

A

since 1st century, when Romans conquered the region

138
Q

post wwII, the German wine industry prized ______ over quality

A

quantity

139
Q

What happened in 1971

A

in 1971 Germany instituted new wine laws:
30,000 individual vineyards consolidated down to 2700 einzellagen and 1300 grosslagen
define boundaries for 13 anbaugebiete

140
Q

Gross Lage translates to…

A

Great Location

141
Q

winzersekt

A

trad method sparkler. 9 mo lees aging min

142
Q

t/f: Germany is planted to 2/3 white grapes

A

true

143
Q

“lese”

A

harvest

144
Q

“beere”

A

berry

145
Q

“burgunder:

A

from Burgundy

146
Q

biggest viticultural hazard

A

spring frost

147
Q

edelfaule imparts notes of..

A

saffron, ginger, mushroom

148
Q

What does asterisks after the vineyard name indicate

A

wine is of greater ripeness than stated Pradikat

149
Q

t/f: the production of non-PDO level wine is typically under 5% of total volume

A

true

150
Q

largest export market of Germany

A

USA

151
Q

“gewachs”

A

growth

152
Q

Germany’s oldest wine region

A

Mosel

153
Q

winemaking advance in the 1960s

A

sterile filtration

154
Q

Mosel aspects are _____ and ______

A

south and west

155
Q

Wurzgarten vineyard is famous for _______ soils

A

rotliegend (red slate)

156
Q

Doctor is a famous vineyard of ______

A

bernkastel

157
Q

where is the famous vineyard Scharzhofberg located?

A

saar

158
Q

When were Pradikats developed?

A

beginning in 1775 - Spatlese wines were first define and produced by Schloss Johannisberg - the additional Pradikats were developed by Schloss Johannisberg over the next century

159
Q

Viticulture was established in Rheingau by…

A

Cistercian and Benedictine monks

160
Q

source of the Rhine river

A

Switzerland

161
Q

Grapes achieve more _____ in Ruwer

A

ripeness

162
Q

Liebfraumilch translates to…

A

Our lady’s milk

163
Q

major soil of Rheinhessen

A

loess

164
Q

Message in a Bottle is associated with…

A

Rheinhessen

165
Q

3 bereiche of Rheinhessen

A

Bingen (west)
Nierstein (east)
Wonnegau (south)

166
Q

Where is gemeinde Westhofen?

A

Rheinhessen

167
Q

t/f: liebfraumilch was historically famous for quality, but was bastardized and mass produced post WWII

A

true

168
Q

this anbaugebiet is known for making the most perfumed style of Riesling

A

Nahe

169
Q

Pfalz sits atop a _____ line

A

fault

170
Q

primary aspect of Pfalz

A

east

171
Q

what is Fruhburgunder

A

mutation of Spatburgunder - ripens 2 weeks earlier and has smaller berries - embraced in Ahr

172
Q

t/f: Ahr is dominated by co-ops

A

true

173
Q

the ___ River flows from the Eifel Range

A

Ahr

174
Q

why does Ahr have a relatively warm climate?

A

sheltered by the Eifel Range (north) and Ardennes Forest (west)

175
Q

most important gemeine of Franken

A

Wurzburg

176
Q

Where is WUrzburg?

A

Franken

177
Q

why does Riesling not do as well in Franken?

A

summers are shorter & warmer than regions to the west; riesling requires a longer ripening cycle

178
Q

t/f: Franken is relatively flat

A

true

179
Q

Kaiserstuhl translates to..

A

King’s Throne

Italy (24 decks)

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