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Repro > W6 Embryogenesis, Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy & Placentation > Flashcards

W6 Embryogenesis, Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy & Placentation Flashcards

1
Q

Syngamy

A

Fusion of the male and female pronuclei

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2
Q

Embryo

A

organism in the early stages of development

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3
Q

Fetus

A

Potential offspring that is recognisable

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4
Q

COnceptus

A

product of cenception (embryo and extraembryo membranes)

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5
Q

Morula

A

early embyo, has a ball of cells called blastomeres

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6
Q

Blastocyst

A

Developed from the morula- has inner cell mass and a cavity called blastocoele

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7
Q

Attachment

A

Attachment of the conceptus to the endometrial wall

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8
Q

4 Steps before attachment

A

Development within confines of the zona pellucida

Hatching of blastocyst from the zona pellucida

Maternal recognition of pregnancy

Formation of the extraembryonic mambranes

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9
Q

After fusion of male and female pro nuclei

A

Single celled embryo, (zygote) undergos mitotic divisions, called cleavage divisions. first on generagtes 2 celled embryo (blastomeres) these then divide to 4, 8 ,16 daughter cells = can be offspring

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10
Q

Totipotency

A

Ability of a cell to develop into a fully formed individual

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11
Q

What hatches from zona pellucida

A

Blastocysts which develop from morula

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12
Q

Hatching of the blastocyst

A

Governed by 3 forces

Growth and fluid accumulation within blastocyst

Production of enzymes by the trophoblastic cells (weaken zona pellucida)

Contractions of the blastocyst (causes intermittent pressure rupture zp)

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13
Q

Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy - requirements for survival

A

Adaquate Luteal function

Adequate progesterone synthesis

Progestone responseive uterus

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14
Q

Development of Extra Embryonic membranes

A

Prettachement period is long
Repid embryonic growth mainly due to formation of extra embryonic membranes
Essential for embryo attachment to the uterus

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15
Q

Types of Extra embryonic membranes

A

Yolk Sac
Chorion
Amnion
Allantois

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16
Q

2 mammalian embryos

A

Long pre attachment period (several weeks - domestic animals)
Extensive extra-embryonic membranes form by folding process

Implantation soon after uterine entry (primates, rodents)
-Extra embryonic membranes form after implantation or attachment

17
Q

development of extra embryonic membranes Bovine

A

13-17 Day 14 embryonic growth

18
Q

development of extra embryonic membranes Pig

A

Day 11-12

19
Q

Fetal Membranes

A 
Yolk sac
Amnion
Allantois
Allantochorion
Umbilical cord
20
Q

Yolk sac

A

Regresses in size

21
Q

Amnion

A

Encloses fetus and provides protection

22
Q

Allantois

A

Collects waste -urine

23
Q

Allantochorion

A

Fetal contribution to the placenta and provides surface for attachemnts

24
Q

Umbillical Cord

A

Amnion wrapped around yolk stalk

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