W10 repro wastage

Question 1

Vulnerable Phases of the Repro Process in female

Answer 1

1) Ovarian Disfunciton
2) Disorders of fertilisation

3 ) Pregnancy wastage

4) Perinatal and neonatal mortality
5) Disorders of gestation, parturition and puerperium

Question 2

1) Ovarian Dysfunction

Answer 2

Anoestrus -

-Ovarian abnormalities

Ovulatory Failure

Question 3

OD - Anoestrus

Answer 3

smooth ovaries, Cystic ovarian disease

Beef- cycle after 40 days. suckling prolongs

Suckling prolongs anoestrus

Question 4

OD - Ovarian abnormalities

Answer 4

Ovies dont develop

Persistent CL= no GnRH
= fetal mummificaiton, pyometra, mucometra, pseudopregnancy

Question 5

OD- Ovulation Failure

Answer 5

Anovulatory oestrus

COD

Question 6

Disorders of fertiliation

Answer 6

Fertilisation failure

• Abnormal oocyte/egg. sperm, structural barrier, phyto oestrogens

Atypical fertilisation
Non viable embryos
Polyspermy increases when mating or insemination is delayed

Question 7

Preg wastage

Answer 7

Failure of fertilised ovum to successfully attach

Abortion

Embryonic mortality

Question 8

Death of embryo

Answer 8

25-40% before attachemnt accounts for majority of repro wastage in production animals

Causes:

• Stress in lactation
• Incomplete regeneration of endometrium
• Nutrition - fluhing inc. lambs born but also increases embryonic loss
• Age of dam = decline in oocyte quality
• Heat stress
• Time of insemination - early in cattle = low fertility but high quality

Question 9

Perinatal Mortality

Answer 9

Death of offspring before, during or withing 72hrs of life

20-30% pigs and sheep

Question 10

Neonatal mortality

Answer 10

Death in first few weeks

Question 11

Dystocia

Answer 11

Fetal causes:
Malpresentation
Over size
Multiple births

Maternal causes:
Uterine inertia
Failure of cervix to dilate
breed

Question 12

Neonatal mortaliaty reasons

Answer 12

Heriditory, envrio, nutrition and infection causes

Question 13

Dropsical Conditions

Hypdrops Allantois

Answer 13

Cattle - twins
Enormous enlargement of Abdomen after 6 months
ABNORMAL PLACENTA
Prognosis poor for life and future fertility
Fetus not palpable

150-200L allantoic fluid

Question 14

Hydrops Amnion

Answer 14

Excessive accumulation of fluid within amniotic sac

Slow to develop
Defective Fetus
Abdominal wall is pear shaped and less tense
Palpable
Fair to good for life and fertility
Seen in hybrids

Question 15

Other causes of loss

Answer 15

Twinning
Prolapse
Uterine infection

Question 16

Male repro failure due to

Answer 16

Sperm production

Sexual desire -
Genetics, enviro, management

Ability to mate
-injury/disease, hormonal,

Viability of sperm