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PSYB10 - Intro to Social Psych > W5 - Lecture 5 > Flashcards

W5 - Lecture 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an attitude? What is an important part of attitudes?

A

An attempt to gauge the goodness/badness of things in our world.
An integral part to attitudes is the evaluation of things = attitudes involve a value judgment.

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2
Q

What are the components of an attitude?

A
  1. Affective Component
  2. Cognitive Component
  3. Behavioral Component
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3
Q

Why does Prof. believe that attitudes always require an affective component?

A

Because attitudes require a value judgement and value judgments imply emotional reactions. ie. good things = make us happy; bad things = make us sad

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4
Q

What is the relationship between the different components of an attitude?

A

The affective and cognitive component are thought to be more closely linked and are thought to have a bidirectional relationship.

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5
Q

Where does affective value come from?

A

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6
Q

What are the two core motives for evaluation? How do we resolve conflicts between the two motives?

A
  1. The motive to feel right.

2. The motive to feel good.

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7
Q

How does evolution play a part in affective value formation? Provide examples.

A

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8
Q

How does one’s personality play a part in affective value formation? Provide examples.

A

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9
Q

How do culture and social norms play a part in affective value formation? Provide examples.

A

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10
Q

How do early and recent experiences play a role in affective value formation? Provide examples.

A

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11
Q

How does the brain assign affective value? What parts of the brain are involved in this evaluation?

A

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12
Q

What is salience? Why is salience relevant to affective evaluation?

A

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13
Q

What emotions form attitudes?

A

Fear, pleasure….

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14
Q

What components are involved in an affect?

A
  1. Sensation: Most sensations have some sort of affective feeling
  2. Emotion: Emotions are more complex than sensations –> result in predictable behaviors
  3. Attitude: Cognitive evaluation

*The line between these components is blurry and unclear, however.

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15
Q

What does ventral pallidum damage imply about the relationships between affective evaluation and emotions?

A

Damage to this region reverses the affective value of things one once found pleasurable. This suggests that the emotional component is crucial to forming affective judgments.

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16
Q

What is the difference between wanting and liking?

A

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17
Q

How does wanting show up neurally?

A

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18
Q

How does liking showing up neurally?

A

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19
Q

How are “liking” and “wanting” independent of one another? What benefits does having separate “wanting” and “liking” faculties bring? (Berridge and Robinson (2016))

A

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20
Q

What is the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the somatic marker hypothesis?

A

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21
Q

What does damage to the VMPFC show about moral decision-making?

A

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22
Q

What is the social intuitionist model of moral judgments?

A

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23
Q

How does feeling arise? What is the hard problem of consciousness?

A

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24
Q

What does Finkel, Simpson and Eastwick’s (2017) research suggest about how feelings arise?

A

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25
Q

What is the difference between implicit and explicit attitudes?

A

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26
Q

What is the IAT?

A

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27
Q

Briefly explain Horwitz and Dovidio’s (2017) research involving the IAT.

A

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28
Q

What is the name-letter test? What is implicit self-esteem

A

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29
Q

What did Anseel & Duyck’s (2008) suggest about implicit self-esteem???? *need to check what the purpose of this study was

A

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30
Q

What did Anseel & Duyck’s (2008) suggest about implicit self-esteem???? *need to check what the purpose of this study was

A

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31
Q

What does Uri Simonsohm suggest about implicit egotism in human decisions?

A

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32
Q

What is cognitive dissonance?

A

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33
Q

What are the different ways in which an individual can reduce cognitive dissonance?

A

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34
Q

What is the justification of effort? How was this phenomenon seen in Norton et al.’s (2011) research on the IKEA effect?

A

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35
Q

What is post-decision dissonance?

A

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36
Q

Briefly explain post-decision dissonance in the two studies we looked at in class - from Lieberman et al. (2001) and Gilbert and Ebert (2002).

A

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37
Q

What is the paradox of choice?

A

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PSYB10 - Intro to Social Psych (12 decks)

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