W4 - Perio Disease effect on Systemic Health - Sharma Flashcards
What is “focal infection”
The source of infection that affects other sites
Ex. caries, perio, abscess, etc
What conditions can perio cause/worsen? (6)
Atherosclerosis
Stroke
Diabetes mellitus
Osteoporosis
Preterm low weight babies
Lung infections / pneumonia
What are some similarities in CVD and Perio? (patient factors) (6)
Occur more commonly in populations that are older
Predominantly affects males
Tobacco use
higher stress levels
Lower SES
Socially isolated
How does perio worsen ischemic heart disease?
How do periodontal pathogens affect CVD
Proinflammatory cytokine and chronic bacterial challenge from perio
leads to vascular effects:
- Hypercoagulability
- Thromboembolism
- Atheroma formation
- = ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
How does perio link to atherosclerosis
How does perio link to myocardial infarction
What role may the liver play in perios link to MI and atherosclerotic plaque
Perio bacteria enter bloodstream →
Liver releases C-Reactive Protein (CRP) →
Atherosclerotic plaque development →
MI if dislodged
How does periodontal treatment affect glycaemic control?
Tx → Decreased inflammation → improved insulin sensitivity
→ improved glycaemic control
How does perio lead to pre-term birth
Perio → Cytokine release → ++ TNFa, IL1, IL6
Bacteria products and above factors travel into amniotic fluid,
When that happens, prostaglandins are produced in the amnion
→ Pre-term birth
What can be done to prevent perio affected pregnancy (3)
Focus on preventive care early in pregnancy
Periodontal therapy to be done in 2nd trimester
Potential sources of sepsis (acute infection or abscess) should be treated immediately, irrespective of pregnancy stage
2 ways that perio affects respiratory infections
- Perio → immune inflam response → PMNL, macrophage accumulation → cytokine release → TNFa, IL1 and IL6 → Alters respiratory epithelium → COPD/pneumonia
- Pt in ICU
Dental plaque contains pneumonia causing bacteria → pt aspirates plaque laden saliva → pneumonia
Relationship between perio and cardiac disease
Correlation but not causation
- Perio considered an additional risk factor to CVD