W4 - Perio Disease effect on Systemic Health - Sharma Flashcards

1
Q

What is “focal infection”

A

The source of infection that affects other sites

Ex. caries, perio, abscess, etc

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2
Q

What conditions can perio cause/worsen? (6)

A

Atherosclerosis

Stroke

Diabetes mellitus

Osteoporosis

Preterm low weight babies

Lung infections / pneumonia

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3
Q

What are some similarities in CVD and Perio? (patient factors) (6)

A

Occur more commonly in populations that are older

Predominantly affects males

Tobacco use

higher stress levels

Lower SES

Socially isolated

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4
Q

How does perio worsen ischemic heart disease?

A
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5
Q

How do periodontal pathogens affect CVD

A

Proinflammatory cytokine and chronic bacterial challenge from perio

leads to vascular effects:

  • Hypercoagulability
  • Thromboembolism
  • Atheroma formation
  • = ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
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6
Q

How does perio link to atherosclerosis

A
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7
Q

How does perio link to myocardial infarction

A
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8
Q

What role may the liver play in perios link to MI and atherosclerotic plaque

A

Perio bacteria enter bloodstream →

Liver releases C-Reactive Protein (CRP) →

Atherosclerotic plaque development →

MI if dislodged

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9
Q

How does periodontal treatment affect glycaemic control?

A

Tx → Decreased inflammation → improved insulin sensitivity

→ improved glycaemic control

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10
Q

How does perio lead to pre-term birth

A

Perio → Cytokine release → ++ TNFa, IL1, IL6

Bacteria products and above factors travel into amniotic fluid,

When that happens, prostaglandins are produced in the amnion

→ Pre-term birth

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11
Q

What can be done to prevent perio affected pregnancy (3)

A

Focus on preventive care early in pregnancy

Periodontal therapy to be done in 2nd trimester

Potential sources of sepsis (acute infection or abscess) should be treated immediately, irrespective of pregnancy stage

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12
Q

2 ways that perio affects respiratory infections

A
  1. Perio → immune inflam response → PMNL, macrophage accumulation → cytokine release → TNFa, IL1 and IL6 → Alters respiratory epithelium → COPD/pneumonia
  2. Pt in ICU

Dental plaque contains pneumonia causing bacteria → pt aspirates plaque laden saliva → pneumonia

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13
Q

Relationship between perio and cardiac disease

A

Correlation but not causation

  • Perio considered an additional risk factor to CVD
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