W3 MORPHOLOGY PT 1

Question 1

Toxic granulations

Answer 1

• Cells have lots of granules in the cytoplasm.

*This results from cells skipping cell division and not dividing, leaving them with double the number of granules that they should have transferred to their daughter cells.
- This phenomenon occurs when the marrow is stressed, and it wants to get the cells to the site of infection as soon as possible

Question 2

Toxic vacuolation

Answer 2

Seen on the cytoplasm of microphages and they contain digested bacteria or microorganism.

Question 2

Dohle bodies

Answer 2

• Dark or blue stain on the cytoplasm of a neutrophil signalling neutrophils are making more proteins to aid in fighting infection and pathogen killing.
• These bodies are only seen in the presence of acute infection, inflammation, and when more neutrophils are needed.

Question 3

Leucoerythroblastic reaction

Answer 3

• Presence of neutrophil precusors and red cells on the peripheral smear
• Red cells are nucleated
• There’s left shift

Question 3

Pseudo-pelger cells

Answer 3

• Abnormality of nuclear lobation
• Neutrophils with 2 lobes instead of 4-5
• This is due to an inappropriately mature chromatin
• Phenomenon is seen in very sever infection eg. marrow TB, HIV pts

Question 4

Myelodysplasia

Answer 4

Characterised by the presence of micromegakaryoctes

Question 5

Epstein Barr Virus

Answer 5

Characterised by presence of reactive lymphocytes

Question 5

Reactive lymphocytes

Answer 5

• Seen in pheripheral blood smear if you have infection, (especially viral infection)
• They are indicative of an active immune response